PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT T79 



Oestrus Larvae in Accessory Sinus's of Sheep — False Sturdy or Gid 

 —Gad-Ply Vertigo. 



The larvae of Oestrus ovis or gad-fly in the nasal cavities and 

 root of horn give rise to coryza, conjunctivitis, sneezing, snorting, 

 and swinging, shaking and rubbing the head. In severe cases there 

 is vertigo and the animals may stagger, fall and have convulsions 

 resembling sturdy, but symptoms referable to the nose are absent 

 in sturdy. 



Treatment is very unsatisfactory. The use of tar rubbed on 

 nose to prevent entrance of gad-flies, and the insufflation of sneez- 

 ing powders or injection of antiseptic solutions to expel and kill 

 larvae, are all impossible to carry out successfully. In severe cases 

 trephining on either side of medium line between the eyes and 

 removal of larvae with forceps and irrigation with 2 per cent, 

 lysol solution, or destruction by injection of a little benzine and 

 water (Moussu), may be done. Early slaughter is sometimes more 

 economical. 



Osteoarthritis Deformans — Ossifying Periostitis — Exostosis — Spavin 

 — Ringbone — Splint in the Horse. 



These various conditions are considered together for the sake 

 of convenience and on account of their similarity of pathology. By 

 the older authorities the term exostosis was used to describe splint, 

 spavin and ringbone. But exostosis does not properly express the 

 pathological processes involved, and only partially informs us of the 

 end-results. 



In splint — and in ringbone and spavin when the articular sur- 

 faces of the pastern, pedal, and tarsal joints are not implicated — 

 the lesions are properly described by the term " chronic ossifying 

 periostitis " due to chronic inflammation of the periosteum with 

 the formation of a bony outgrowth. Constant irritation of the 

 periosteum through strains of the ligaments in the region is fre- 

 quently caused by faulty position of the feet, as by the use of high- 

 heeled shoes. 



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