lgo DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



Class. — Nemathelminthes. Round-worms. Order. — Nema- 

 toda. Family. — Ascaridae. Genus. — Ascaris. 



Round-worms do not require the intermediate host as do tape- 

 worms but many multiply upon immediately reentering the original 

 host, although a period of development outside the body may inter- 

 vene. * 



In the Horse and Ass. — Ascaris megalocephala. The symp- 

 toms are as usual rather vague with occasional colic, diarrhea or 

 constipation, and emaciation. Nervous symptoms sometimes pre- 

 dominate — as spasms, paraplegia and tetany. 



Treatment. — An aloes ball containing two to four drams of 

 tartar emetic ; or tartar emetic in the same quantity given in three 

 doses at three-hour intervals, and followed by an aloes ball, may 

 be used. Oil of turpentine (§iv), oleoresin of aspidium (§i), and 

 linseed oil (i pint) forms a suitable mixture given at one dose. 

 Also santonin, 4 drams in a pint of linseed oil, or 2 drams with 1 

 dram of calomel in ball, is employed. Preference is given to tartar 

 emetic. 



The administration of a course of tonic treatment with fer- 

 rous sulphate, 3ii, and nux vomica, 3i, on the food thrice daily, 

 following the use of one of the anthelmintics recommended above, 

 is advisable. All worms passed should be destroyed by burning. 

 In the Dog. — A. marginata ; and in the Dog and Cat, A. mys- 

 tax. Very common in puppies. Symptoms are varied, as vomiting, 

 diarrhea, convulsions, poor development, worms in the vomitus or 

 feces ; sometimes sudden death occurs. 



Treatment. — Santonin is one of the best remedies. It may be 

 given in 1 ounce of castor oil (gr. iii-v-viii, adults; gr. y$ upwards, 

 for puppies) once every third day for two or three times. Or in 

 pill with calomel (gr. i-v), in the same manner. Areca nut, in the 

 fluidextract, or capsules containing the powder, is frequently pre- 

 scribed to advantage (3ii-iv). 



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