PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT 243 



affected as well as horses, dogs and other animals, and the protozoa 

 are found at all times in the blood and not only during the 

 paroxysms. 



In surra the post-mortem findings include enlargement of the 

 spleen and liver, petechiae on the internal organs, and exudation 

 of a jelly-like consistence into the connective tissue of the throat, 

 neck, chest and belly. 



Treatment. — Avoid feeding animals from grass and hay from 

 wet lands and supply pure water. Also grain must not be fed 

 which is contaminated by the feces of rodents. Arsenic is the 

 specific remedy, as in other diseases due to trypanosomes — as sleep- 

 ing sickness in man. It should be given in increasing amounts in 

 the form of Fowler's solution in the drinking water night and morn- 

 ing. Beginning with a daily dose of one ounce (§ss night and 

 morning), one may increase this amount by one dram every two 

 days until two ounces are given, and then reduce the amount until 

 the original amount is reached. Then after withdrawing the drug 

 for two days the same course of treatment should be resumed. 

 This applies to a horse weighing 1,000 lbs. Symptoms of arsenic 

 poisoning, as shown especially by digestive irritation, are said to 

 be prevented by giving rice water after the medicine night and 

 morning. 



Atoxyl has recently been used successfully in trypanosomatosis 

 in man and animals. It is a white powder, soluble in six parts of 

 water and given subcutaneously every other day. It is much less 

 toxic than arsenic but contains about 26 per cent, of arsenic and 

 must be used with caution. The dose is from ten to twenty times 

 the dose of arsenous acid or white arsenic and the dose of white 

 arsenic in surra is increased from four to ten grains daily, as we 

 have indicated above, in the form of Fowler's solution. 



Teats— Fissured, Cracked, Sore and Obstructed. 



Various names are applied to much the same condition. As 



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