2 44 DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



fissure of the teat may lead to mammitis and general infection, es- 

 pecially after calving, the treatment is of importance. 



Treatment. — The udder and teat should be thoroughly cleansed 

 with soap and water and saturated solution of boric acid, and the 

 milk withdrawn with a sterile milking tube (the tube is sterilized 

 by boiling). The fissures should be well coated with compound 

 tincture of benzoin or touched with solid stick silver nitrate and 

 the teats kept anointed with 10 per cent, boric acid in vaseline. 



Obstruction of the teat may occur from inflammation, curds, 

 calculi, growths and warts on the mucous membrane, and strict- 

 ure. This is relieved by manipulation of the udder or the passage 

 of a probe or bougie, in the first instance; by the removal of growths 

 with the scissors or ligature; and by division of a stricture by a 

 teat bistoury. 



Teno-Synovitis — Tendo- Vaginitis, Acute and Chronic (Hygrops or 

 Hygroma of the Tendon Sheaths) — Thoroughpin — Windgalls. 



Inflammation of the tendon sheaths and tendons go hand in 

 hand. This happens because the tendon is nourished through the 

 sheath. Inflammation of the tendon (tenonitis) alone has been 

 described, but such a condition, apart from any alteration in the 

 sheath, can scarcely exist. 



Teno-synovitis is acute and chronic. The acute form may be 

 aseptic and due to blows, sprains, overexertion, fractures and 

 dislocations. Or it may be infectious, following pneumonia, septice- 

 mia, articular rheumatism, infectious abortion, glanders, distemper, 

 tuberculosis and so-called subacute and chronic rheumatism. 



Then there is the suppurative form due to puncture or exten- 

 sion from neighboring infected areas and occurring in the course 

 of general infections, as strangles, pyemia, etc. 



Symptoms. — Acute non-suppurating teno-synovitis is character- 

 ized by a hot, tender, fluctuating or crepitating swelling along the 

 course of a tendon sheath, with lameness. The inflammation is 

 serous, or dry and crepitating, or plastic — the serous swelling be- 



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