246 DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



formation of pus, immediate free incision is urgently demanded to 

 prevent necrosis of the tendon and extension of infection to neigh- 

 boring parts, pyemia, etc. Multiple incisions are often required and 

 the use of drainage tubes with frequent irrigation (2 per cent, 

 creolin or lysol) and the application of wet, antiseptic dressings 

 externally. The incision must be made through the tendon sheath 

 and all necrotic material should be cut away. The wet dressings are 

 employed constantly till recovery is well advanced. Anti-strep- 

 tococcic serum is of value in cases of streptococcic infection (large 

 animals 20-50 c. c, repeated in twelve to twenty- four hours). 



Tuberculous teno-synovitis can only be cured by excising the 

 diseased sheaths, and this is inadvisable in cattle. 



Chronic teno-synovitis consists in painless, non-inflammatory 

 fluctuating swellings along the course of thickened tendon sheaths 

 as a result of acute serous teno-synovitis frequently repeated or, 

 more often, from constant rubbing of the tendon on the sheath 

 from overwork. This is very common in old horses (windgalls 

 and thoroughpin) and rarely causes lameness or does harm except 

 in constituting blemishes. 



The more common sites of acute and chronic teno-synovitis are 

 as follows : 



Anterior Limb. — 1. At the point of the shoulder where the 

 biceps brachii runs through the bicipital groove. There is a bursa 

 under the tendon at this point in which the inflammation begins. 

 The cartilage and bone often become involved in the inflammatory 

 process with pathological results similar to those seen in navicular 

 disease. Shoulder lameness, resting on the flexed toe, swelling and 

 tenderness at the point of the shoulder and of the muscle above, are 

 seen. 



2. Of the tendon and sheath of the infraspinatus and bursa un- 

 der it, where it passes over the external tuberosity of the humerus. 

 In this disease, and that of the flexor brachii, the trouble really 

 originates in the bursa and it should more correctly be classified as 



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