2 5 8 DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



uterus, udder and lungs, in which the germs are spread broadcast 

 respectively by uterine discharge, in the milk, and in the feces from 

 swallowing of sputum. Those animals reacting to the tuberculin 

 test (not including those showing physical signs) should be iso- 

 lated and their calves removed to a separate farm, barn or even to a 

 separately partitioned portion of a barn. When born, the calves 

 may be fed the first day on their mother's milk, but thereafter on 

 milk from the tuberculous cows which has been previously hoiled. 

 There should be two sets of employees if possible ; if not, the healthy- 

 animals should be first tended and then the overalls, shoes, etc., 

 should be changed and a separate set of utensils should be used for 

 the tuberculous and healthy animals. The stock should likewise be 

 separated in pasture. The healthy animals must be tuberculin- 

 tested twice annually and those reacting must be isolated. 



4. Ostertag's Method. By this is meant briefly the weeding 

 out of all cattle which show physical signs of tuberculosis and iso- 

 lating the calves and bringing them up by artificial feeding. 



5. The combination method of Strelinger, by which calves are 

 vaccinated when two to three weeks old with von Behring's Bovo- 

 vaccine according to his technique and isolated for three months until 

 after a second vaccination. The temperature of these calves is 

 taken repeatedly the day before and following the vaccination and 

 may be considered normal when not exceeding 103. 2° F. (as a 

 maximum) in young cattle. A reaction occurs, as with tuberculin, 

 in tuberculous calves. The young are brought up with and fed 

 from the herd. Tuberculosis is eradicated from the herd only so 

 far as regular and careful physical examinations can determine 

 tuberculosis. Bovovaccine, according to Strelinger, is preventive, 

 inasmuch as in five-year-old animals thus treated the prevalence of 

 tuberculosis has been reduced from 50 per cent, (which prevailed 

 before in five-year-old animals unprotected by bovovaccine in the 

 same herds) to 10 per cent. Bovovaccine may be obtained of 

 C. Bischoff & Co., New York. Its status in the role of prevention 



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