PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT 2 gg 



variety, with ecchymoses of the skin and bleeding from mucous 

 membranes and cavities of the body. 



Cow-Pox Vaccinia.— This usually attacks young cows, but 

 occasionally bulls, oxen and young stock. In cows, papules appear 

 . on the teat or udder as large as a pea and change into bluish vesicles 

 on a red swollen base. The vesicles may be depressed in the centre 

 and be surrounded by an areola. The eruption is mature on the 

 tenth day, and the vesicle may become a pustule and then a crust, 

 which falls off and leaves a cicatrix in twenty-one days; or breaks 

 down into an ulcer. The disease is mild, although it may be as- 

 sociated with some fever and loss in milk. 



In other bovines than the cow, the same eruption may appear 

 upon the thighs, buttocks, chest and back. Smallpox may be in- 

 oculated into the bovine, and after inoculation of the virus from 

 one animal to another a few times, and inoculated back into man, 

 the result is the same as ordinary vaccination, and vaccine may thus 

 be obtained. 



Horse-Pox. — There is some fever and swelling of the flexor 

 surface of the pasterns, particularly behind, with heat, redness and 

 lameness. Papules occur, changing into vesicles and pustules, with 

 maturity on the tenth day, and ending in scabs which fall on the 

 fifteenth to twentieth day; or ulceration may terminate the erup- 

 tion. Rarely the eruption may appear on the naso-labial region, 

 on the head, belly or legs and mucous membrane of the nose, mouth 

 and eyelids. It is mild and, like cow-pox, thought to be now largely 

 caused by accidental inoculation from vaccinated attendants. 

 Rarely in swine and dogs accidental inoculation from vaccinated 

 persons is seen, while sheep-pox is the only form of variola which 

 appears and; spreads like smallpox of man and is therefore regarded 

 as a distinct disease. 



Treatment. — In the case of sheep-pox the disease is so serious 

 that prevention by slaughter of the diseased and exposed animals 

 and' thorough disinfection of infected premises and objects are gen- 



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