PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT 2 8; 



conditions whenever there is great swelling, pain and tension in the 

 affected parts, and not otherwise. 



Enteroclysis. 



Enteroclysis applies to slow, rectal injection of normal salt 

 solution (105° F.) to secure absorption. This method may be 

 applied in cases not so urgent as to demand intravenous saline in- 

 fusion or hypodermoclysis, more especially moderate degrees of 

 hemorrhage, shock, collapse and circulatory depression, when the 

 intrinsic heat of the injection is valuable in restoring the normal 

 bodily temperature. 



Indications for Saline Infusions. — Grave hemorrhage ; shock, 

 traumatic, operative, and electric ; suppression of urine ; severe diar- 

 rhea ; eclampsia ; purpura hemorrhagica ; hemoglobinemia ; toxemia 

 (bacterial, mineral, vegetable) ; in threatened death from any acci- 

 dental cause; in any disease with feeble heart and low vascular 

 tension. 



Hypodermoclysis, or the intravenous injection of saline in- 

 fusions, find their greatest usefulness as life-saving measures in 

 severe hemorrhage. While these methods are not in vogue in veter- 

 inary practice, they have become recognized procedures of great 

 practical value in human medicine. The indications, following 

 hemorrhage, are to fill up the vessels and to restore vascular tension, 

 since danger is imminent, not from loss of blood corpuscles, but 

 from lack of a circulating medium. There is a sufficient number of 

 red corpuscles to carry on the respiratory and oxygen-bearing func- 

 tions even after the greatest loss of blood possible from ordinary 

 causes. In fact, respiration is but slightly impaired in human sub- 

 jects suffering from pernicious anemia, when there is a 90 per cent, 

 reduction in the normal number of red corpuscles, and two-thirds of 

 the blood may be withdrawn from animals and replaced with normal 

 salt solutions without serious damage resulting. In shock there is 

 general vasomotor paralysis, so that most of the blood collects in 



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