PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT 2 qi 



away clear. If water is injected with a syringe, care must be taken 

 to avoid forcing air into the stomach. 



When passage of the tube becomes impossible through one 

 nostril, the other one may be tried. Phillips reports failure to pass 

 the tube in the horse in only 5 per cent, of trials. The tube is best 

 made of red Para rubber and long enough to reach from the 

 stomach to the ground when in place. 



Lip-and-Leg Ulceration in Sheep — Necrobacillosis. 



This disease is enzootic and highly communicable. It is due 

 to the bacillus necrophorous, which has a normal habitat in the 

 intestine of the hog, and perhaps also in that of the horse and cow. 

 In the United States necrobacillosis has been especially prevalent in 

 the north-western and western states, and has been frequently mis- 

 taken for foot-and-mouth disease. The latter is characterized by 

 the occurrence of apthae or vesicles in the mouth and about the 

 pasterns, which are not seen in necrobacillosis, and the necrotic 

 processes, with extensive destruction of tissue peculiar to lip-and- 

 leg ulceration, are not observed in foot-and-mouth disease. B. 

 necrophorous is anaerobic and pleomorphic. It appears in coccoid, 

 bacillary and filamentous forms — the latter over 100 mm. in 

 length — according to its habitat, age, etc. For its cultural and 

 other characteristics, the reader is referred to circular 91, U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture. In circular 160 will also be found a 

 study of the special form of the disease under consideration, to 

 which the writer is much indebted. 



The bacillus gains entrance to the body by inoculation through 

 abrasions of the skin and mucous membranes or disease of the 

 same. Its products induce coagulation, necrosis of mucous mem- 

 branes, with sometimes the formation of false membranes and 

 caseonecrotic lesions on the skin and internal organs. 



The bacillus attacks horses, cows, calves, sheep, pigs and goats, 

 dogs and chickens. It is responsible for many apparently diverse 



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