74 DOMESTICATED DOGS. 



nised as what he really is. The Dane rarely stands less than 30 inches in 

 height at the shoulder, and usually more. His head is hroad at the temples, 

 and the parietal bones diverge much, thus marking him to be a true mastiff ; 

 but, by a singular discrepancy, his muzzle is lengthened more than even that 

 of an ordinary hound, and the lips are not pendulous, or at least very slightly 

 so ; his coat, when thoroughbred, is rather short and fine ; the tail is fine and 

 tapering ; the neck long ; the ears small and carried back, but these are 

 invariably taken off when the dog is a whelp. The finest dog of this breed 

 I ever saw was the celebrated Hector, the property of his Grace the Duke of 

 Buccleuch. Hector stood 32 inches at the shoulder, and when I saw him was 

 about eighteen years old, and his legs had begun to give way and his back to 

 fall in ; so that I should say, when a young dog, he stood at least an inch and 

 a half higher, or 33^ inches, a height equal to that of many Shetland ponies." 



IX.— THE DACHSHUND. 



Owing to the termination of the name, this little dog is often 

 considered in this country to be a hound, but the German word 

 hund means simply dog, and not hound, as is supposed by many. 

 He is merely a " badger-dog," as far as name goes, and though his 

 use on the Continent of Europe is not confined to the chase of 

 the badger, yet a very large proportion of the dogs used for that 

 purpose are dachshunds. In the vineyards of Germany and 

 France the badger abounds, and he is hunted partly for sport, and 

 partly to get rid of an intruder, who would, if left undisturbed, 

 materially reduce the crop of grapes. The dachshund is also 

 used by gamekeepers to drive game to the gun, and notably roe- 

 deer, which are apt to head back if driven forcibly or with any 

 amount of noise. For these two purposes two distinct strains 

 are employed — the one with crooked but very strong legs, for 

 burrowing after the badger; the other with straight ones, but still 

 too short to give any great pace, intended for driving game. Both 

 are terriers rather than hounds, and have the squeaky tongue of 

 the former, so distinct from the bell-like note of the true hound. 



