482 ATONIC DISEASES. 



first a solid lump, and then a small portion of frothy mucus. 

 The spirits also are dull, the nose hot and dry, and the hreath 

 offensive. These signs are only present to the full extent when 

 the dog is troubled with tape-worm, or with the round-worm in 

 large quantities ; the maw-worm being only slightly injurious in 

 comparison with the others, and seldom producing the whole of 

 the above train of symptoms. The kidney-worm, of course, has 

 no effect upon the intestinal secretions, but it produces bloody 

 urine, more or less mixed with pus. Still, as these are often 

 present without this worm, it is impossible to predict its exist- 

 ence during life, with any degree of certainty. When worms are 

 suspected, in order to distinguish the species, it is better to give 

 a dose of calomel and jalap (16), unless the dog is very weakly, 

 when the areca nut may be substituted (65) ; and then, by 

 watching the fceces, the particular worm may be detected aud the 

 treatment altered accordingly. 



The expulsion of the, worms is the proper method of treatment in 

 all cases, taking care afterwards to prevent their regeneration, by 

 strengthening the system, and by occasional doses of the medicine 

 suited to remove the worm in question. All vermifuges act as 

 poisons to the worms themselves, or as mechanical irritants ; the 

 former including the bulk of these medicines and the latter pow- 

 dered glass and tin as well as cowhage. These poisons are all 

 more or less injurious to the dog, and in spite of every precaution 

 fatal results will occur after most of them ; even the areca hut, 

 innocent as it is said to be, having occasionally nearly destroyed the 

 life of valuable dogs under careful superintendence. There is a 

 wonderful difference in the power of resisting the action of reme- 

 dies in certain individuals of the dog tribe, as well as in the worms 

 themselves ; so that whereas in some instances a remedy may clear 

 a dog easily without the slightest ill effect upon him, in another, 



