xii 



GLOSSARY AND INDEX OF TERMS. 



Shale, 341. Shining, 56. 



Silicate, 74. 



Siliceous. Consisting of, or con- 

 taining silex, or quartz. 



Silky, 56. 



Silurian. A term applied to the 

 fossiliferous rocks, older than 

 the coal series. 



Slag, 205. 



Smelting of iron ores, 233. 



Spathic, (Germ, spatk.) Like spar. 



Spar. Any earthy mineral having 

 a distinct cleavable structure and 

 some luster, as calcareous spar. 



Stalactitic, (Gr. stalazo, to drop or 

 distil,) 54, 116. 



Stalagmite, 116. 



Specific gravity, 63. 



Splendent, 56. 



Splintery. Having splinters on a 

 surface of fracture. 



Stamping. Reducing to coarse 

 fragments in a stamping mill. 



Stellated, (Lat. stella, star,) 52. 



Strata. A series of beds of rock. 



Streak, streak-powder, 56. 



Striated. Lined or marked with 

 parallel grooves, more or less 

 regular. 



Stockwerks. In Cornwall, works 

 in beds and veins of ore. The 

 works in alluvial deposits are dis- 

 tinguished as stream-works. 



Sub. In composition, signifies be- 

 neath ; also, somewhat, or imper- 

 fectly, as submetallic, means im- 



"- perfectly metallic. 



Sublimation, (Lat. sublimis, high.) 

 Rising in vapor, by heat, to be 

 again condensed. 



Submetallic, 55. 



Subtranslucent, 58. 



Subtransparent, 58. 



Subterbrand. A name given to 

 Bovey coal, or brown coal. 



Suhvitreous, 55. 



Sulphate. A salt containing sul- 

 phuric acid. 



Sulphureous, 66. 



Sulphuret. Combination of a met- 

 al with sulphur. 



Tarnish, 57. 



Tertiary strata. Strata more re- 

 cent in age than the chalk, and 

 antecedent to the recent epoch. 



Tesselated, (Lat. tesselatus, che- 

 quered.) Chequered. 



Tesseral system, (Lat. tessera, a 

 four square tile, or dice,) 32. 



Tetrahedron, (Gr. tetra, four, he- 

 dra, face,) 37. 



Titaniferous. Containing titanium 



Transition rocks. The older silu 

 rian, which were formerly sup 

 posed to contain no trace of fos- 

 sils. 



Translucent, 58. 



Transparent, 58. 



Triclinate, 33. 



Trimetnc, 33. 



Trimorphism, 44. 



Truncation, truncated, 35. 



Tufaceous. Like tufa, 347. 



Tuyeres, or twiers, 234. 



Twin crystals, 42. 



Unctuous. Adhesive, like grease. 



Ustulation. [L. ustulatus, scorch- 

 ed, or partly burnt.] Roasting 

 of ores. 



Veins. In miner's use, small lodes. 

 In geology, any seams of rock 

 material, intersecting strata cross- 

 wise. 



Vein-stone. The gangue of a met- 

 al or mineral. 



Verdigris-green. Green inclining 

 to blue ; the color of verdigris. 



Vesicular. Containing small va- 

 cuities. 



Viscous, 65. 



Vitreous, (Lat. vitrum, glass,) 55. 



Vitrification. Conversion to glass. 



Volatile. Capable of passing easi- 

 ly to a state of vapor. 



Washing of ores. Exposing them 

 after stamping, (or before if in 

 fragments,) to running water 

 which carries off the earthy ma- 

 terial, it being lighter than the 



Zeolitic. Having the nature of a 

 zeolite, 163. 



