86 Scientific Intelligence. 



crowded and, where they are joined together, a stem gradually 

 makes its appearance upon which the leaves seem to arise second- 

 arily. Although the described conditions are clear in these lower 

 aquatic types, the development in spermatophytes and especially 

 in those of terrestrial habit is so condensed that the phyllorhizas 

 can be demonstrated only with difficulty. In support of his 

 theory Chauveaud secures evidence from the gross morphology 

 of the plants discussed and also from their minute anatomy. 



a. w. E. 



5. The Vegetation of Neiv Zealand (Engler und Drude's 

 "Vegetation der Ercle," vol. 14) ; by L. Cockayne. Pp. xxii, 

 364, with 65 plates, 13 text-figures and 2 maps. Leipzig, 1921 

 (Wilhelm Engelmann). — Botanical investigations in New Zea- 

 land date back to 1769 and the unique characteristics of the flora 

 of this island* have been made known through a long series of 

 works by many authors. Most of these investigations, however, 

 have been along tax-onomic lines and it is only within the last 

 twenty years that serious attention has been given to the study 

 of vegetation — of plants considered en masse rather than as indi- 

 viduals or species. With studies along this line is inseparably 

 linked the name of Cockayne, and the present volume (in Eng- 

 lish) embodies a clear and comprehensive summary of the work 

 carried on by this author and his colleagues since about 1900, 

 together with that contained in the scattered contributions of 

 earlier writers. The greater part of the book is devoted to the 

 "Vegetation of primitive New Zealand," but there are also 

 sections on the physical geography and climate, the flora and its 

 distribution, and the history of the flora. g. e. nichols. 



6. Les Mouvements des Vegetaux. — Du reveil et du sommiel 

 des plantes; by Rene Dutrochet. Pp. vii, 121, with 21 text-fig- 

 ures. Paris, 1921 (Gautier-Villars et Cie.,Editeurs). — Dutrochet 's 

 essays on plant movements, which are here reprinted, were pub- 

 lished in 1837 and exerted a profound influence on the develop- 

 ment of plant physiology. The author was able to demonstrate 

 the fact that many of these movements could be explained from 

 a mechanical point of view and emphasized the important part 

 played by osmotic phenomena in bringing them about. The 

 present volume is the first botanical number of a series entitled, 

 ' l Les Maitres de la Pensee Scientifique. ? ' a. w. e. 



7. Die Pflanzemvelt Afrikas, inshesondere seiner tropischen 

 Geoiete: Die dicotyledonen Angiospermen (Engler & Drude's 

 "Vegetation der Erde," vol. 9) ; by A. Engler. Pp. vii, 878, 

 with 338 text-figures. Leipzig, 1921 (Wilhelm Engelmann). — 

 In this second part of the third volume of the Vegetation of 

 Africa (the ninth of the series of plant geographical monographs 

 edited by Engler and Drude) Professor Engler continues the 

 discussion of the families of African plants commenced in Vol- 



