Hubbard — Antimony Mines of Shiu Chow. 453 



Akt. XXXVII. — The Antimony Mines of Shiu Chow, 

 China; by Geoege D. Hubbaed. 



Introdiictiou.^Slim Chow is a walled city in the north- 

 ern lobe of Kwangtung province, where the boundary 

 between the two provinces of Hunan and Kiangsi comes 

 south to their more famous neighbor, Kwangtung. It 

 is about 30 miles from the Kwangtung border both west, 

 northwest, and north, where the latter curves around 

 in the midst of rather mature but little used mountains. 

 It stands at a fork in the Pei Kiang, or North River, 

 which has opened up a valley leading south to Canton 

 and Hongkong. A railroad has also been constructed 

 from Canton northward as far as Shiu Chow in its reach 

 to connect with Changsha and Hankow. 



Topography. — : Shiu Chow has grown up in topography 

 a little more mature than that along the provincial border 

 west and north, but not nearly so old as that which has 

 been partly submerged to make the great fingered and 

 island-spattered Canton bay, into which both Pei Kiang 

 and Si Kiang or West River flow. 



Stratigraphy. — The rocks of the region are very deeply 

 weathered Paleozoic limestones, sandstones, and shales, 

 probably ranging in age from Ordovician to Carbon- 

 iferous inclusive. The strata have been elevated in rather 

 closely pressed folds whose trend is practically north 

 and south, or perhaps north-northeast and south-south- 

 west. While in many places within a few miles east and 

 south the rocks dip more gently, all about the mines they 

 dip very steeply, usually over 80°. Strikes observed at 

 several points range from N 10° E to N 20° E. One can 

 get strikes of very diverse angles in this region, but those 

 departing far from the above are local. The trend of the 

 big limestone ridges very nearly north and south is quite 

 systematic. 



Beginning some 5 or 6 miles north of Shiu Chow and 

 just west of the mines (iig. 1), the rocks crossed in a sec- 

 tion eastward for a mile or more do not seem to repeat at 

 all. 



Provisionally, the massive, dark blue, calcite-veined 

 limestone, west of or above the mines, has been called the 

 Ordovician. The evidence is both in its position with 



