504 Scientific Intelligence. 



most excellent mastodon skeleton from Orange County, a region 

 that has furnished more specimens than any other, this being 

 the thirty-first. Also the very true-to-nature restorations of 

 glass sponges after those of the Upper Devonian of New York. 

 Ruedemann presents a far-reaching paper on "The existence 

 and configuration of Precambrian continents," attacking the 

 problem from all sides but chiefly from the internal structure 

 or grain of the present continents. The work evinces much 

 reading and study. 



Miss Golding describes the local distribution and specific 

 peculiarities of the shell faunas in the Champlain Sea of late 

 Pleistocene time, and their relation to the marine faunas of the 

 St. Lawrence embayment. Out of a possible fauna of 138 

 species, only 32 entered the freshened Champlain Sea, and but 

 one attained its southern limits. The few marine discoveries 

 in the Hudson Valley are also described. c. s. 



4. Sveriges Olenidskiffer; by A. H. Westergard. Sver. 

 Geol. Undersokning, Ser. Ca., No. 18, 205 quarto pp., 16 pis., 

 39 text figs., 1922. With English summary. — This monograph 

 describes most carefully and in great detail the various local 

 successions of the Olenid beds and their faunas throughout 

 Sweden. The strata are alum shales replete with lenses of 

 stinkstone abounding in trilobites. The. series is about 40 meters 

 thick and is divisible into six faunal zones, together yielding 

 less than a hundred species. Of this number, 80 are trilobites 

 (28 new), and all are fully described and beautifully illustrated 

 in photogravure. It is a work of the first import and of the 

 greatest valut to students of this time. So far the. faunal prov- 

 ince of which it treats is known only in Scandinavia, Great 

 Britain, eastern Canada, and Alabama. A few of the species 

 are also known in Bolivia. . c. s. 



5. The Geology of the Broken Hill District; by E. C. 

 Andrews. Memoirs, Geol. Survey New South Wales, Geology, 

 No. 8, 432 quarto pages, 124 pis., 41 text figs., 1922.— This 

 sumptuously illustrated volume on the world's greatest lead 

 and zinc mine, describes not only the ore occurrences but as well 

 the geology of the highly deformed strata (silts and shale) which 

 "probably are several miles in thickness." While being folded, 

 the strata were at four different times intruded by igneous rocks 

 and more or less intensely metamorphosed. They make up the 

 Willyama series, from which the Broken Hill mines have taken 

 far more than one half a billion dollars ' worth of ores. 



Unconformably above these older formations, whose age is 

 unknown but thought to be of Archean time, occurs a series of 

 quartzites, tillites, and laminated claystones, some hundreds of 

 feet thick, the claystones having lentils of marble and limestones 

 ' ' crowded with foreign fragments. ' ' The marbles were deposited 



