264 T. Holm — Studies in the Cyperacece. 



"Spicis 4-5 rarius 3-6 cylindricis pedunculatis subapproximatis, 

 mascula saepius 1 purpurea demum f erruginea elongata erecta vel 

 2, reliquis foemineis apice masculis pendulis vel nutantibus rarius 

 erectis purpureis vel ferrugineis viridi pictis simplicibus vel 

 inaequalibus geminatis; bracteis evaginatis, superioribus breve 

 cuspidatis, infima angustissima spica breviori, vel rarius f oliacea 

 plus minus vaginata; stigm. 3; perigyniis ovalibus vel ovali- 

 lanceolatis obtuse triquetris saepe oblique divergentibus erostratis 

 obtusis vel abrupte vel sensim rostellatis, ore integro vel sube- 

 marginato, granulatis glabris leviter nervatis demum lutescenti- 

 bus apice ferrugineis, squama ovata obtusa vel subacuta mutica 

 fusco-purpurea vel ferruginea margine pallido nervo concolori 

 longioribus. ' ' 



The rhizome is very slender, stolonif erous ; the phyllo- 

 podic culms measure a height of about 30-50 cm., and are 

 longer than the very narrow, glaucous leaves. "We found 

 this interesting species in a cane-brake near Stony Run, 

 Md., where it was associated with C. striata, folliculata 

 and canescens; it was quite abundant, and snowed some 

 variation with respect to the- size of the perigynia, some 

 specimens having the pistillate spikes heavier than 

 others ; the habit was the same, however. 



It is interesting to notice, as stated by Boott (1. c), that 

 the pistillate spikes sometimes occur in pairs from the 

 same leaf -axil: "vel simplices, vel una vel altera vel 

 omnes geminatae, rarius ternatae, quarum una abbreviata, 

 sessilis." 



C. limosa L. 



The subterranean stem is ascending, relatively slender, 

 rooting at the nodes ; there is generally one or two long 

 and thick brown roots at each node, beside some thinner 

 ones, more amply ramified ; the subterranean leaves are 

 scale-like, and of a dark color. The length of the subter- 

 ranean stem may average about 40 cm. There are two 

 types of shoots : some, that develop a fascicle of long, 

 green leaves surrounding the terminal bud, which devel- 

 ops into a floral stem during the next year ; the other type 

 of shoots develops mostly scale-like leaves, and one or two 

 green ones, beside a flower-bearing stem. The latter type 

 of shoots thus resembles the aphyllopodic, but differs 

 from this by the culms being actually central instead of 

 axillary. We may thus observe the same rhizome to bear 

 purely vegetative shoots (the first season), vegetative 



