Z66 T. Holm — Studies in the Cyperacece. 



nate squamae. In C. limosa the pistillate scales are a lit- 

 tle longer than the perigynia, and frequently cuspidate. 



G. rariflora (Wahlenb.) Sm. 



In this species the horizontally creeping rhizome is 

 more robust, and prominently stolonif erous ; several very 

 long, thick, brownish roots proceed from the rhizome. 

 From the same rhizome several vegetative and flower- 

 bearing shoots may be developed, and the culms are typi- 

 cally phyllopodic. There is only one staminate spike, and 

 from one to four pistillate, but two are the most frequent. 

 The pistillate squamae are broadly ovate, obtuse to 

 mucronate, almost black, enclosing the broadly ovate, 

 faintly nerved perigynia. 



Several forms have been described; according to Hart- 

 man (1. c.) the terminal spike is sometimes androgynous, 

 and Norman 8 describes the forms as follows : 



"a. var firmior: Culmus robustior, elatior, usque ad 31 cm. v. 

 ultra longus. Spicae f emineae ovales v. oblongae, sat dense 10-17 

 florae, squamis saturatius rufofuscis (non piceis) . Spica mascula 

 dilute flavo-f usca. ' ' 



"b. forma rufescens: Squamae spicae f emineae rufo-fuscae 

 (non piceae)." 



"c. forma expallida: Spicae pallide flavo-fuscae, feminea 

 solitaria. ' ' 



"d. forma haeostachya: Spicae f emineae obovato-rotundatae, 

 minimae vix 7 mm. superantes, 2-4 florae. ' ' 



Finally Meinshausen 9 mentions a variety "brevi- 

 pedunculata," in which the three to four pistillate spikes 

 are short-peduncled and contiguous. 



C.stygiaFr. (Figs. 8-11). - 



In describing this species Fries 10 suggested that C. rari- 

 flora might represent a depauperate form; some years 

 afterwards Fries enumerated both as distinct species, 11 

 and his diagnosis of C. stygia reads : 



8 Norman, J. M. Florae arcticae Norvegiae species et f ormae nonnullae 

 novae vel minus eognitae. (Christiania Vidensk. Selsk. Forhdlgr. for 1893. 

 No. 16.) 



9 Die Cyperaceen der Flora Eusslands. St. Petersbourg, 1901, p. 131. 

 "Novitise Florae SuecicaB, Mantissa III. Upsala, 1842, p. 141. 



11 Summa vegetabilrum Seandinavise. Upsala, 1846, p. 234. 



