§ 20. LITHOGRAPHIC OOLITE OF GERMANY. 513 



20. Lithographic Oolite of Germany. — The quarries 

 in Germany, which yield the fine-grained fissile calcareous 

 stone so much employed in lithography, afford also a rich 

 assemblage of organic remains, of the highest interest. The 

 lithographic deposits are found in that prolongation of the 

 diain of the Jura which, after the fall of the Rhine at 

 Schaffhausen, passes into Germany along the borders of the 

 Maine, and near to Cobourg. The quarries are situated 

 on the sides of the valley of the Altmuhl, a tributary of the 





Ligx. 115. — Fossil prawn, from Pappeniieim. 

 (Palcemon spinipes.) 



Danube, that extends by Pappenheim and Aichsted. 

 This valley presents a precipitous escarpment, which is 

 composed of, 1. The uppermost part ; calcareous schist, 

 containing in abundance, fishes, crustaceans, asteriae and 

 reptiles, with a few small ammonites and bivalve shells; — 

 2. a magnesian limestone : — 3. limestone of a greyish white, 

 abounding in ammonites ; and 4. brown, or grey sand- 

 stone, of a fine grain, constituting the base of the hills of 

 the district. The most celebrated quarry of the calcareous 



