138 THE LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE. 



scarcely perceptible; but I have thought it necessary to figure both, in order 

 to shew the quarrelsome disposition of these birds even when united by the 

 hymeneal band. 



Loggerhead Shrike, Lanius Carolinensis, Wils. Amer. Orn., vol. iii. p. 57. 



Lanios lodovicianus, Bonap. Syn., p. 72. 



Lanius Excdbitoroides, American Grey Shrike, Swains, and Rich. F. Bor. Amer., 



vol. ii. p. 115. 

 Loggerhead Shrike, Nutt. Man., vol. i. p. 261. 

 Loggerhead Shrike, Lanius ludovicianus, Aud. Orn. Biog., vol. i. p. 300; vol. v. p. 435. 



Third quill longest, fourth scarcely shorter, second and sixth equal; tail 

 rather long, graduated; bill black, upper parts deep leaden-grey, lower 

 greyish-white, the sides bluish-grey; a streak of whitish over the eye, and 

 margining the forehead; loral space, and a patch behind the eye, black; 

 posterior scapulars almost entirely white; quills and coverts black, seconda- 

 ries narrowly tipped with white; bases of primaries white, forming a con- 

 spicuous patch on the extended wing; tail-feathers black, all except the 

 middle pair white at the end, that colour occupying nearly two-thirds of the 

 outer, and gradually diminishing on the rest. Female with the plumage 

 somewhat darker. Young brownish-white beneath, the breast and sides 

 transversely barred with dark grey. 



Male, S|, 13. 



From Louisiana to Carolina, laterally to the Columbia river, and north- 

 ward to the Fur Countries. Abundant. Resident in the south. Migratory 

 in the north. 



A male preserved in spirits measures 8|f inches in length; extent of wings 

 12; wing from flexure 4; tail A\. 



The roof of the mouth is as in the other species; its width 7 twelfths; the 

 tongue is 6 twelfths, the posterior aperture of the nares 5 twelfths. The 

 lobes of the liver are very unequal, the right being the largest. The oeso- 

 phagus is 2 i inches long, 4 twelfths in width, but on entering the thorax 

 contracting to 2\ twelfths; the proventriculus 3 twelfths. The stomach is 

 irregularly elliptical, a little compressed; the muscles thin, especially the 

 lower; the epithelium thin, tough, brownish-red, with longitudinal rugae. 

 The intestine is 9 inches long, from 3 twelfths to 1 twelfth wide; the coeca 

 extremely small, 2^ twelfths long, i twelfth wide; the cloaca small and 

 oblong. 



The trachea is 2\ inches long, moderately flattened, If twelfths broad at 

 the commencement, 1 twelfth at the lower part; the rings firm, about 56, 

 with 2 dimidiate rings. The lateral muscles are very slender, as are the 

 sterno-tracheal, and there are four pairs of inferior laryngeal muscles on each 



