202 RUFF-NECKED HUMMING-BIRD. 



From California along the north-west coast to Nootka Sound. Abundant. 

 Migratory. 



Adult Male. 



Bill long, straight, subulate, somewhat depressed at the base, acute; upper 

 mandible with the dorsal line straight, the ridge narrow at the base, broad 

 and convex toward the end, the sides convex, the edges overlapping, the tip 

 acuminate; lower mandible with the angle very long and extremely narrow, 

 the dorsal line straight, the edges erect, the tip acuminate. Nostrils basal, 

 linear. 



Head of ordinary size, oblong; neck short; body slender. Feet very 

 small; tarsus very short, feathered more than half-way down, toes small; the 

 lateral equal, the middle toe not much longer, the hind toe a little shorter 

 than the lateral, anterior toes united at the base; claws rather long, arched, 

 compressed, laterally grooved, very acute. 



Plumage soft and blended; feathers on the throat, fore part and sides of 

 the neck oblong-obovate, with the filaments towards the end thickened and 

 flattened, with metallic gloss, those on the sides of the neck elongated and 

 erectile. Wings rather short, extremely narrow, falcate, pointed; the prima- 

 ries rapidly graduated, the second being longest, but only slightly longer 

 than the first; these two quills taper to a point; the rest are broader, and 

 gradually become less pointed; the secondaries are extremely short, and only 

 five in number. Tail rather long, broad, graduated, the lateral feathers four 

 and a half twelfths of an inch shorter than the central; the latter are 

 extremely broad, measuring four and a half twelfths across, and the rest 

 gradually diminish to the lateral, which are very narrow; all obtusely 

 pointed. 



Bill brownish-black; toes brown, claws dusky. The general colour of the 

 upper parts is bright cinnamon or reddish-orange; the head bronzed green, 

 the wings dusky, the coverts glossed with green, the primaries with purplish; 

 each of the tail-feathers has a narrow longitudinal lanceolate median streak 

 toward the end. The loral space, a narrow band over the eye, another 

 beneath it, and the auriculars are reddish-orange; the scale-like feathers of 

 the throat and sides of the neck are splendent fire-red, purplish-red, yellow- 

 ish-red, greenish-yellow or yellowish-green, according to the light in which 

 they are viewed; behind them, on the lower part of the neck, is a broad band 

 of reddish-white; the rest of the lower parts are like the upper, the abdomen 

 inclining to white. 



Length to end of tail 3 T 7 2 inches; bill along the ridge ff , along the edge of 

 lower mandible f| ; wing from flexure Iff; tail Iff; tarsus yf; hind toe -f|, * 

 its claw -f|; middle toe f |, its claw jf. 



Adult Female. 



