172 THE WONDERS OF GEOLOGY. Lect. II. 



large mammalia, teeth and bones of several species of hip- 

 popotamus, horse, elk, ox, and auroch, are very commonly 

 associated in the alluvial deposits of Europe. In the 

 Vale of Arno, in Italy, immense quantities of the teeth and 

 bones of hippopotami are found ; on the table before us are 

 specimens from that locality ; as well as molars and incisors 

 of a young animal from Huntingdonshire ; and tusks, teeth, 

 and bones, dug up in alluvial marl, at Southbourn, in Sussex. 

 Among the fossils sent me by Major Cautley, from India, 

 are several fine portions of jaws, with teeth, belonging to 

 another species, the jff. Sivaliensis. Several extinct species 

 have been determined by Baron Cuvier, one of which 

 was not more than half the size of the common Hippo- 

 potamus. 



The bones and teeth of the Rhinoceros are frequently asso- 

 ciated with those of the fossil elephant ; and in this country 

 they occur in superficial gravel and loam. I have obtained 

 specimens from a bed of gravel, on Petteridge Common, in 

 Surrey ; and from loam at the Wish, near Southbourn, in 

 Sussex. 



The most extraordinary and interesting fact, relating 

 to the Rhinoceros in a fossil state, is the discovery of the 

 entire carcass, covered with its skin, in frozen sand, on the 

 banks of the Wilaji, in Siberia, as previously mentioned 

 (p. 152). The head was extremely large, and sustained 

 two very long horns; it had no incisors; the body and 

 limbs were covered with brown hair ; the general form of 

 the animal was lower and more compact than the living 

 species. 



The teeth and bones of one or more species of Horse, 

 occur very constantly with those of the other large extinct 

 pachyderms. In these examples of the conglomerated 

 shingle from Brighton cliffs (see p. 1 14), the coffin, pastern, 

 and cannon bones, as they are termed, of a small species, 

 about the size of a Shetland pony, are imbedded ; in some 



