ORDER CARINATiE. 1 237 



Duck {Spatula clypeatd) have been found in the Norfolk Forest- 

 bed. In the Fuligulince, the type genus Fuligula (Pochard) is 

 recorded from the Upper Pliocene of the Val d'Arno, in Italy, 

 and Nyroca (White-eyed duck), from the Pleistocene of Queens- 

 land ; while in the Merging it is probable that Mergus (Merganser) 

 was represented in the Pliocene Siwaliks of India. The extinct 

 Che?iornis, of the Italian Miocene, also belongs to this family, 

 although its precise position is uncertain. 



Suborder 13. Odontopteryges. — The Odo7itopterygid<z, repre- 

 sented by Odontopteryx, of the London Clay, appear to indicate a 

 distinct subordinal group, which may be provisionally placed here. 

 In this singular bird the alveolar margins of both jaws are furnished 

 with tooth-like serrations (fig. 1121) which differ from true teeth 

 in being actually parts of the osseous substance of the jaw itself, 

 and thereby agree with those found in the Chelonian genera Har- 

 della and Batagur. They are of triangular or compressed conical 



-Skull of Odontopteryx toliapicus, restored ; from the London Clay. 

 (After Owen.) 



form, and of two sizes. Upon the whole, Odo?itopteryx would 

 appear to be most nearly allied to the Anatidce, but the serration of 

 its jaws is an entirely unique character, unknown in any existing 

 type. 



Suborder 14. Palamede.e. — Of this group, comprehending only 

 the American Screamers (Chau?ia, &c), no fossil representatives are 

 known. 



Suborder 15. Odontogloss^e. — The only family of this group 

 is the Phcznicopteridce, or Flamingos, which are exceedingly long- 

 limbed waders, distinguished by a peculiar downward bend of the 

 beak, and presenting characters connecting them on the one hand 

 with the Anseres, and on the other with the Herodiones. The 

 existing genus Phce?iicopterus is found in the Allier Miocene ; while 

 in the same beds, as well as in the equivalent deposits of the 

 Mayence basin, and also in the somewhat higher strata of Stein- 

 heim, in Bavaria, occurs the peculiar genus Pa/ce/odus, which, 

 while apparently allied to Phcznicopterus, presents some affinity to 



