1468 



CLASS MAMMALIA. 



although it was considered by Professor Cope to be more nearly 

 related to Hyopsodus. Lemuravus, of the American Eocene, may 

 perhaps belong to the preceding division of this family. 



The total absence of remains of Lemuroids from the Miocene of 



Fig. 1351. — Left ramus of the mandible of Anafitomo7'j>hus cemulus, wanting all the teeth ex- 

 cept the last premolar and first two true molars ; from the Bridger Eocene of North America. 

 «, Outer; b, Inner; c, Upper; d, Lower view. Twice natural size. (After Cope.) 



Europe and North America points to their early disappearance from 

 those regions. 



Suborder 2. Anthropoidea. — In all the known members of 



2 

 this suborder the number of the incisors is - ; the upper ones being 



2 



always in contact in the middle line, and the lower ones not pro- 

 jecting forwards to any great extent. The orbit is completely 

 closed behind by bone ; and the lachrymal foramen opens within 

 its cavity. The pollex is short, and the second digit of the pes has 

 a true nail. This suborder may be divided into the Platyrhine and 

 Catarhine sections. In the former, which is confined at the present 

 day to South America, the structure of the cheek-teeth is inter- 

 mediate between that obtaining in the Lemuroidea and the succeed- 



ing section. The premolars are always - in number, but the true 



2 "? 



molars may be either - {Hapalidce), or — ( Cebidd) ; and the last 



2 3 



lower true molar has a small hind talon. The nostrils are simple, 

 widely separated, and placed nearly at the extremity of the snout. 

 The pollex is either absent, or, if present, is not opposable ; and 

 there are other characteristic external features. 



The genus Laopithecus, from the Miocene of North America, has 

 been referred to this section, but its dentition approximates to that 

 of the early Lemuroids, and its position must be regarded as 

 unsettled. 



Family HAPALiDiE. — In the Marmosets, which are nearest to the 



