SUBORDER B 



FISSIPEDIA 



65 



Pseudamphicyon Schlosser. f M. Lower P^ and M-^ with prominent 

 anterior cusps. Superior molars with weak cingulum. Metapodials very 

 short, toes expanded. P. lupinus Schlosser. Eocene and Oligocene ; 

 Bohnerz. 



Pseudocyon Lartet. -f M. Protocone of upper molars weak, talonid 

 weak ; cingulum strongly developed. Miocene ; Tuchorschitz. P. bohemicus 

 Schlosser. Sansan (Gers). P. sansaniensis Lartet. 



Pseudardos Schlosser. 



%M. 



P I large and stout in both jaws. 

 P the size of C, inferior incisors 



P and ilf ^ small ; M^ and M^ large and 

 flat. P. bavaricus Schlosser. Upper Miocene ; Tutzing. 



Simocyon Wagner. -I M. M,^ with long talonid ; anterior P greatly 

 reduced ; skull abbreviated. Lower Pliocene ; Pikermi and Eppelsheim. 



Borophagus Cope (Dinocyon Matthew), f M. Upper molars very broad, 

 P weak. Cranium short and heavy. P. gidleyi Matthew. Miocene of 

 Montana, Texas and Nebraska. " Amphicyon" aniericanus Wortman and 

 Borocyon robustum Peterson possibly belong in this vicinity. 



Ischyrocyon Matthew. |- P. First molar lacking internal cusp. Loup 

 Fork beds ; South Dakota. 



HyaenognatJms Merriam. ^ P, ^ M. 

 Anterior P and posterior M very small, 

 contiguous. JS. pachyodon Merriam. 

 Pliocene of California. This form 

 may be hyaenoid in nature. 



Aelurodon Leidy (Fig. 92). 

 ^ P, ^ M. P, with exception of 

 last, small, but with lateral cusps. 

 P* with large inner tubercle and 

 strong cusp preceding paraconid. 

 ilf J moderately long. Upper Mio- 

 cene ; Nebraska, S. Dakota and 

 Kansas. A. saeviis Leidy. A. 

 wheelerianus Cope. 



Enhydrocyon Cope (Hyaenocyon 

 Cope). f P, f M. Cranium 



greatly shortened. P'^ lacking anterior tubercles. M f very small. M-^^ with 

 trenchant talonid, and lacking metaconid. John Day beds (Lower Miocene). 

 E. stenocephalus Cope. E. crassidens Matthew. 



A 



Fig. 92. 



Aelurodon wheelerianiis Cope. Miocene of South Dakota. 

 A, Upper, and B, lower tooth-row. 1/2. (After Matthew.) 



2-1 



Dentition ^-— 



M. 



Subfamily 3. Cynodontixae. 



P* with large posteriorly displaced inner tubercle, 



remaining P small and simple. Upper M with moderate inner cingulmn, large 

 protocone and metaconide, and two outer conules ; protoconules never present. M^ 

 not much shorter than broad, triangular ; M^ elliptical. Lower carnassial with 

 weak metaconid, and generally with large indented talonid. 



The Cynodontinae, beginning with small forms, attain the size of bears in 

 the Pliocene. Two lines of descent are observable : one represented by foi-ms 

 like Cephalogale and Dinocyon, possessing a dentition similar to that of the 

 Canidae, and becoming extinct in the Pliocene ; the other typified by Cynodon, 

 and approximating the Ursidae in the enlargement of the molar teeth. The 



VOL. HI F 



