132 



UNGULATA 



ORDER VII 



teeth molariform. Third lower molar without third lobe ; well-developed 



cingulum on all teeth. Middle Eocene ; France. Bohnerz of Egerkingen 



and Mauremont. 



Lophiodon Cuvier {Tapirotherium Blainville) (Fig. 168). Skull low, long, 



and narrow, gently sloping toward the frontals, with high parietal crest 



and overhanging occiput. Narial aperture but slightly posterior to the 



3.1.3.3. 

 anterior border of the premaxillary. Dental formula : ' ' ' ' • Premolars 



t). J. . O, O, 



simpler than the molars ; last lower molar with a strong third lobe. Enamel 

 very smooth with fine horizontal striae. Manus tetradactyl, the outer digit 

 being only half as long as the others. Metapodials slender. The genus 

 Lophiodon is rather widespread in the Lower and Middle Eocene of Europe. 

 More than a dozen species are known, which vary in size between the tapir 

 and the rhinoceros. 



Lophiodochoerus Lemoine. Lower Eocene ; Rheims, France. 



Subfamily 2. Tapirinae. 



Lower molars with two transverse ridges standing at right angles to the longi- 

 tudinal axis of the crown. In forms geologically older, premolars simpler than 

 molars ; in later species, molariform. 



Fossil in the Eocene, Miocene and Pliocene of North America ; in Europe, 

 Oligocene to Pliocene. Pleistocene and Eecent in southern Asia and South 

 America. 



Systemodon Cope. Dental series nearly continuous. Upper molars with 

 two independently developed and subequal external cones, which are united 

 ^ to the internal cusps by two transverse 



ridges. The three posterior premolars 

 three-crested, the most anterior small and 

 monocuspid. Lower molars with two 

 transverse crests, last molar with well- 

 developed third lobe. Abundant in the 

 Lower Eocene (Wasatch beds) ; Wyoming 

 and New Mexico. S. semihians Cope. 



Isectolophus Scott and Osborn. Upper 

 Eocene (Uinta and Bridger beds) ; North 

 America. 



3.L4.3. 

 Colodon Marsh. ' ' ' ' • Without 



lower third incisor. Second, third and 

 fourth superior premolars with supple- 

 mentary crest (metalophid) ; inferior pre- 

 molars submolariform, lower third M with 

 small third lobe. Metapodials slender. 



Fig. 169. 



ProtaviriLS prUcus Filliol. Phosphorites ofTri-r,! , ii,i. ji. 



Quercy. A, Right upper last premolar and -T'lth metacarpal short and tapering, 

 molars. B, Right lower molars, i/j. (After Qligocene ' White River beds. 



Last 



Filhol.) 



Protapirus Filhol (Fig. 169). 

 superior premolar with two external and only one very well-developed 

 internal cusp, the latter apparently resulting from the union of two cones. 



