176 



UNGULATA 



ORDER VII 



northern Africa. Fossil in the Upper Miocene ; Monte Bamboli. *S'. choeroides 

 Pomel. Lower Pliocene ; Eppelsheim, Pikermi, etc. S. antiquus Kaup. 

 S. erymanthms Roth and Wagner. Also China and India. Upper Pliocene ; 

 Europe. S. strozzi Meneghini. Pleistocene ; Europe. ;S^. scrofa Linn. 



Of the foregoing genera, Elotherium, Dinohijus, Acliaenodon, and one or two 

 related forms, may perhaps be recognised as constituting a distinct family, 

 Elotheriidae, differing from Suidae in the more primitive structure of incisors, 

 canines and premolars. 



Family 2. Leptochoeridae Leidy. 



Superior molars much shorter than broad, tritubercular ; inferior molars quadri- 

 tubercular, their anterior half being higher than the posterior half Lateral 

 metapodials very slender. 



Leptochoerus Leidy (Laopithecus Marsh ; Stibarus, Menotherium Cope). 

 Oligocene ; White River beds, Dakota. 



Family 3. Hippopotamidae Gray.i 

 Large, heavy amphibious wigvlates, with complete bunodont dentition. Dental 

 formula: ' ' ' ' • Superior and inferior cheek teeth with four blunt lohed cusps, 



Fir.. 210. 



//(■jipopotamus (Hea?f(7)rofo(/o)i) sit-'aic^i-s Falconer and Cautley. Pliocftnp, Siwalik Hills, India. A, Palatal 

 aspect of skull, i/g. B, Symphysis of lower jaw from above, i/g. C, Third upper molar, i/o. (After Falconer.) 



^oh^ch when worn present a trefoil-like upper surface. Premolars much simpler than 

 molars. Superior canines very stout, short, with anterior wear ; inferior canines 



^ Major, C. I. Farsyth, Hippopotamus mailagascariensis. Geol. Mag., 1902, p. 193. — Pigmy 

 Hippopotamus IVom Cyprus. Proe. Zool. Soc, 1902, p. 107. — Reynolds, S. If., Pleistocene Hippo- 

 potamus. Moil. Palaeoiit. Soc, 1920 (1922). — Stromer, E. von, Wirbeltierreste aus dem Mittel- 

 pliocan iles Natrontales, Agypten. Zeitschr. Deutsch. Geol. Gesell., 1914. 



