212 UNGULATA order vn 



ethmoidal vamity absent. Horns short, cylindrical, inclined bad-ward. Molars 

 brachyodont, without basal pillar. 



Protetraceros Schlosser. Lower Miocene ; China. 



Tetraceros Leach. Pliocene to Eecent ; India. 



Cephalophus S. Smith. Eecent ; Africa. Pleistocene ; Algiers. 



Boselaphus Blainville (Portax H. Smith). This genus, from the Pliocene, 

 Pleistocene and Eecent of India, was referred to the Cephalophinae by 

 Eiitimeyer, but by most other authors is placed in the Tragelaphinae. The 

 latter procedure is undoubtedly incorrect. It is preferable to regard this 

 genus as the type of a distinct group, although it certainly displays great 

 similarity to the Cephalophinae, from which it differs only in the size of the 

 body, absence of a lachrymal fossa and presence of the hypsodont teeth. At 

 all events it is very closely related to the prototype of the ox. 



Paraboselaphus Schlosser. Only detached teeth are known, from the 

 Swabian Bohnerz and from the Lower Pliocene of China. 



Group 2. PsEUDOTRAGiNAE Schlosser. 



Skull moderately or strongly arched ; lachrymal fossa large ; ethmoidal vacuity 

 absent. Horns straight or curved, always inclined backward, elliptical or circular in 

 cross-section. Cheek teeth brachyodont or moderately hypsodont, usually with weak 

 basal pillar. Upper Miocene to Lower Pliocene. 



This group embraces the oldest Cavicornia, but only in part do they appear 

 to have left posterity ; at least this is fairly certain in regard to Pseudotragus, 



and is very probable also concerning 

 the other Lower Pliocene genera. 



Eocerus Schlosser (Fig. 290). At- 

 taining the size of a sheep. Horns 

 straight, strongly inclined backward, 

 circular or elliptical in cross-section. 

 Teeth brachj^odont, cervine. Upper 

 Miocene ; Sansan, Styria, etc. "An- 

 tilope " martiniana, sansaniensis, clavata 

 '^^'^■-^^- Lartet. A. cristata Biedermann. 



Eoceriis cmtafiis Biedermaiin sp. Upper Miocene, <(/^, „))7 t j n i 77 ht 



Leoben, Steiermark. A, Second and third upper CervUS luuatus and C haplotton Meyer, 



molars, grinding surface. B, Third lower molar, PseudotraqUS Schlosser. Presence 



grinding surface and outer aspect. 1/1. r ^ ^ ^ ^^ 



of a deep lachrymal fossa, horns and 

 skull caproid. Teeth brachyodont. P. capricornus Schlosser. Lower 

 Pliocene ; Samos. 



Pachytragus Schlosser. Cranial axis strongly bent. Horns curved slightly 

 backward, rounded -polygonal in cross -section. Teeth slightly hypsodont. 

 P. crassicornis Schlosser. Lower Pliocene ; Samos. 



Protoryx Forsyth Major. Cranial axis strongly bent. Skull long and 

 narrow. Horns recurved, elliptical in cross -section. Teeth moderately 

 hypsodont. P. carolinae Major. Lower Pliocene; Pikermi, Maragha and 

 Samos. Perhaps also in the Pontic limestone of Odessa. 



Protragocerus Dep6ret. Attaining the size of a fallow deer. Horns straight, 

 rounded -triangular in cross-section. Teeth brachyodont. Upper Miocene; 

 La Grive St. Alban, Isere. P. chantrei Dep^ret. 



