222 



UNGULATA 



ORDER VII 



to the skull. Humerus without entepicondylar foramen. Femur with third trochanter. 

 Astragalus very low, without head and with slightly concave articidar surface for 

 the tibia and fibula. 



The Coryphodonfidae were clumsy animals of considerable size, with 

 digitigrade anterior and posterior extremities. As indicated by their dentition 



Fig. 303. 



Coryvhodon hanuitus Marsh. Lower Eocene, Wyoming. A, Left upper cheek teeth. B, Left lower cheek 



teeth, i/o. (After Marsh.) 



they Avere of omnivorous habits, and the structure of the feet suggests that 

 they progressed slowly and awkwardlJ^ The skull lacks the peculiar bony 

 horns or bosses on the forehead which are found in the Dinocerata, and in 



lieu of horns they made use of the 

 strong, sharp canines as protective 

 weapons. In general appearance 

 Coryphodon was more like a bear 

 than a true ungulate. 



Of the genera Coryphodon Owen 

 (Bathyopsis, Bathmodon, Metalo- 

 phodon Cope) (Figs. 300-304), 

 Ectacodon and Manteodon Cope, 

 only the first mentioned is well 

 known, and is represented in the 

 j.jg 3Q^ Wasatch and Wind River beds 



Coryphodon anax Cope. Lower Eocene (Wasatch beds), of Wyoming and New MexicO 

 Wyoming. Left hind-foot. 1/4. fb, Facets on astragahis y,„ titot-p tVinn p rln^An cnpr>ipa 

 and calcaueum for tibula ; «6, tibia. (After Osborn.) "7 "^"^'^ ^"'^^ ^ UOZen bpecies. 



Among these, several lines of 

 evolutionary progression can be traced. Several species exhibit analogy 

 to the Dinoceratidae in the development of the canines and incisors and also 

 in the structure of the skull. In Europe C. eocaenus Owen and C. oweni 

 Hebert are found in northern France, Belgium and England. 



Family 3. Dinoceratidae Marsh. 



Skidl with three pairs of processes developed by the frontals, maxillary and nasals. 



0.1. 3. 3. 



Dental formula : „' ' ' -• Upper incisors lacking. Upper premolars molariform, 



