SUBORDER B 



ANTHROPOIDEA 



277 



median longitudinal furrow, and with a strong basal cingulum. Third molar 

 scarcely smaller than the second. Superior premolars with high external 

 cusp and strong internal tubercle. Inferior molars narrower than those 

 above, with two pairs of tubercles and a single cusp on the posterior border, 

 which in the third molar is developed into a strong talonid. Upper Miocene ; 

 Tuscany. 0. hambolii Gervais. Also Bessarabia. 



Simopithecus Andrews. Lower Pleistocene, British East Africa. *S'. o&vmldi 

 Andr. 



Cynocephalus Lacepede. Baboon. Living in Africa and Arabia. Fossil 

 in the Siwalik deposits of India. C. (Senmopithecus) subhimalayanus 

 Meyer sp. C. falconeri Lydekker. Also in the cavern deposits, Madras, and 

 Pleistocene or later deposits in British East Africa and Algeria. 



Semnopithecus Cuvier. Living in south - eastern Asia. Fossil in the 

 Pliocene of Montpellier, France ; Messina, Sicily ; and Casino, Tuscany. S. 

 monspesmlanus Gervais. 

 Siwalik deposits ; 

 India. S. palaeindicus 

 Lydekker. Pleistocene; 

 India. ^S*. entellus Duf. 

 Mesopithecus Wagner 

 (Fig. 362). Skull and 

 dentition as in Sem- 

 nopithecus, the skeleton, 

 however, more robust 

 and agreeing better 

 with Macacus. The 

 males have consider- 

 ably stouter canines 

 than the females. 

 Mesopithecus pentelici 

 Wagner, from the 

 Lower Pliocene of fig. 362. 



i IKermi, near Athens, MesopUhecus penteUd Wagner. Lower Pliocene, Pikermi, Greece. A, 

 Td fliQ Tvioof n'KnTirln»i+ Ij, SkuU and lower iaw of male, anterior and left lateral aspects. 2/>.. 

 is lae most aOUnaant; (^fter Oaudry.) C, Left upper jaw, palatal aspect, i/j. 



and the most com- 

 pletely known fossil monkey. It occurs also at Veles (Macedonia), Baltavar 

 (Hungary), Tiraspol (S. Russia), and Maragha (Persia). 



Dolichopithecus Deperet. Like Semnopithecus, with much elongated muzzle 

 and shorter and more robust extremities. Pliocene ; Perpignan. i). ruscinensis 

 Deperet. 



Macacus Lacepede (Inuus GeofFroy ; Aulaxinus Cocchi). Superior molars 

 low, quadrate, with two opposite pairs of obtuse conical or angular tubercles, 

 at times separated by a median longitudinal furrow, at times united by a 

 transverse crest. Premolars with external and internal cusp. Inferior 

 molars like those above, but narrower ; third premolar with stout talon. In 

 the males canine pov/erful, rather strongly protuberant. 31. (Inuus) ecaudafus 

 Geoffroy is the only ape living on the Rock of Gibraltar in Europe, and in 

 northern Africa. The remaining species of the genus Macacus have a wide 

 distribution in southern and eastern Asia, and in part inhabit the highland 

 regions of Tibet, the Himalayas and of Japan. M. priscus Gervais from 



