TPIE EOCENE PERIOD. 



299 



which distinguish their living representatives. At the same 

 time, there are some amongst the Eocene quadrupeds which 

 have a " generaUsed " character, and which may be regarded 

 as structural types standing midway between groups now 

 sharply separated from one another. 



The order of the Marsupials — including the existing Kan- 

 garoos, Wombats, Opossums, Phalangers, &c. — is poorly 

 represented in deposits of Eocene age. The most celebrated 

 example of this group is the Didelphys gypsoru7n of the 

 Gypseous beds of Montmartre, near Paris, an Opossum very 

 nearly allied to the living Opossums of North and South 

 America. 



No member of the Ede7itates (Sloths, Ant-eaters, and Arma- 

 dillos) has hitherto been detected in any Eocene deposit. 

 The aquatic order of the Sb'enians (Dugongs and Manatees), 

 with their fish-like bodies and tails, paddle - shaped fore- 

 limbs, and wholly deficient hind-limbs, are represented in 

 strata of this age by remains of the ancient " Sea-Cows," to 

 which the name of Halitheriimi has been applied. Nearly 

 allied to the preceding is the likewise aquatic order of the 

 Whales and Dolphins {Cetaceans), in which the body is also 

 fish-like, the hind-limbs are wanting, the fore-limbs are con- 

 verted into powerful " flippers " or swimming-paddles, and 

 the terminal extremity of the body is furnished with a 

 horizontal tail-fin. Many existing Cetaceans (such as the 

 Whalebone Whales) have no true teeth ; but others (Dol- 

 phins, Porpoises, Sperm Whales) possess simple conical teeth. 



Fig. 228. — ZenglodoH cetoides. A, Molar tooth of the natural size ; B, Vertebra, 

 reduced in size. From the Middle Eocene of the United States. (After Lyell.) 



In strata of Eocene age, however, we find a singular group 

 of Whales, constituting the genus Zeuglodon (fig. 228), in 



