80 



These would again disappear on the arrival of the land in the 

 north, and their place would be taken by others. The contents 

 of the deposition, supposing the land undulated above and 

 below the level of the sea during its movement from the south 

 to the north, would represent the order of deposition and organic 

 remains similar to those now found in the rocks of the northern 

 hemisphere. 



CHAPTER XIII. 



THE DIVISION OF THE SURFACE OF THE GLOBE INTO 

 ZONES OF DEPOSITION. 



If, as we have endeavoured to establish, the sedimentary rocks 

 have been deposited in different zones during the movement of 

 the surface from the south pole tow T ards the north, we may 

 distinguish their respective zones of deposition in the following 

 order : — 



Zones. Deposits. 



No. 1. South frigid . . The most ancient: — Cambrian 



and Silurian. 



2. South temperate . The Carboniferous, or great coal 



formation. 



3. South tropic . . Oolitic, or Saurian group. 



4. North tropic . . Cretaceous, & tertiary of Europe. 



5. North temperate . Alluvial deposits of Europe. 



1. Commencing with the most ancient deposits, we find Or- 

 thoceratite, Trilobite, and other marine relics, but scarcely any 

 land plants. That this ancient deposit should not contain land 

 plants is not surprizing. The newly- discovered countries within 

 the south frigid zone, although placed in latitudes in which herds 

 of wild herbivoro s animals are met with in the northern hemi- 

 sphere, nay, where man himself exists, are most wintry in their 

 aspect, almost entirely covered with ice and snow even in sum- 

 mer, and completely destitute of animal life and vegetation. 



The living representatives of the fossils have not yet been 

 identified ; but according to Dr. Buckland, the nearest approach 



