CYANOSE. 



• Name. — From xdcw,, shy blue; and x/5«?, 

 stone, in allusion to the blue tint which dis- 

 tinguishes it from its associates, Cerinite 

 and Centralassite (which see). 



Cyanose, Beiidant. Cyanosite, Dana. 

 Sulphate of copper. Anorthic; but rarely 

 found in distinct cr^^stals ; generally occurs 

 stalactitic, reniform, and amorphous or pul- 

 verulent. Colour dark sky-blue of various 

 shades, sometimes passing into bluish-green. 

 Lustre vitreous. Translucent. Streak white. 

 Taste metallic and very nauseous. Rather 

 brittle. Fracture conchoidal. H. 2-5. S.G. 

 2-27. 



Fig. 139. 



Comp. Sulphate of copper or Cu S + oH. 

 = sulphuric acid 32, oxide of copper 32, 

 water 36 = 100. (Thomson.) 



BB on charcoal with soda, yields metallic 

 copper. 



Soluble in three parts of cold and h part 

 of boiling water ; affording a blue solution, 

 which deposits a film of pure copper on a 

 polished surface of iron. 



Localities. English. — Crystallized, in 

 Cornwall, at Ting Tang and other mines in 

 Gwennap ; and at Trevarthen near Marazion : 

 crystallized and fibrous at Gunnis Lake 

 near Callington, in attle-heaps. Welsh.— 

 Pary's mine, Anglesea. Irish. — Various 

 copper mines in the county of Wicklow. 

 Foreign. — Herrngrund, near Neusohl, in 

 Lower Hungary. The Rammelsberg iVIine, 

 near Goslar in the Harz. Fahlun in 

 Sweden. Zalathna in Transylvania. Rio 

 Tinto Mines in Spain, &c. 



Cyanosite exists in the water issuing from 

 mines, and is derived principally from the 

 decomposition of Iron Pyrites containing 

 small quantities of copper. 



When purified it is employed in cotton 

 and linen printing, in dyeing, &c. 



" Throughout all the mines (of the Vale 

 of Avoca) the juxtaposition of large quanti- 

 ties of fiyrites with clays and soft slates, 

 combined \vith their exposure to air and the 

 percolation of water, produce various de- 

 compositions, which exhibit their effects 

 abundantly in the old workings, under the 

 forms of blue and green vitriol, and other 

 sulphates; The water, trickling through old 

 excavations, continually dissolves a portion 

 of these salts, and at its exit from the mine 

 is carefully led into inclined troughs or 



CYPPJNE. 103 



' launders,' in whicli fragments of scrap iron 

 are laid. At the expense of tlie sulphate 

 of copper, sulphate ot iron is then formed, 

 and the metallic copper is precipitated, and 

 from time to time collected." * This method 

 of extracting a large quantity of valuable 

 metal, which would otherwise run to waste, 

 is also now in use in Gwennap, and at 

 Perranzabuloe in Cornwall. At Alderley 

 Edge, in Cheshire, the copper, being dis- 

 solved out of the sandstone by an acid, is 

 precipitated on a large scale by the above 

 process. The same mode of treating cupri- 

 ferous water is also practised at the mine of 

 Herrngrund, near Neusohl, in Hungary. 



Name. The names Cyanose and Cyanite 

 are derived from y^vKw?, dark blue. 



Brit. Mus.,Case 55. 



Cyanotrichite. See Lettsomite. 



Cyclopite, von Waltershausen. Anor- 

 thic. Occurs in small white crystals 

 resembling those of Anorthite and Labra- 

 dorite. Lustre vitreous. Transparent. H. 6. 



Comp. R5 Si + 2^" si = (iR3 + I'ii) Si. 



Analysis by v. Waltershausen ; 



Silica 41-45 



Alumina .... 29-83 

 Peroxide of iron . . . 2-20 



Lime 20-83 



Magnesia .... 0-66 

 Soda . . . . . 2-32 



Potash 1-72 



Water l-9i 



100-92 



Locality. The Cyclopean Islands near 

 Catania, in Sicily, in dolerite. 



Cymatine. See Kymatin. 



Cymolite. See Cimolite. 



Cymophane (from xv/mx,, a wave ; and 

 (pocivoii, to appear'), the name given to those 

 semitransparent varieties of Chrysoberyl 

 which display a peculiar milky or opales- 

 cent appearance. When cut en cabochon it 

 shows a white floating band of light, and is 

 much prized as a ring-stone. See also 

 Chrysoberyl. 



Brit. Mus., Case 19. 



M. P. G. Horse-shoe Case,Xos. 860 to 863. 



Cyprine. a blue variety of Idocrase, 

 the colour of which is supposed to be pro- 

 duced by a minute portion of copper. S.G. 

 3-228. 



* " On the Mines of Wicklow and "Wexford." 

 b}' W. Warrington Smytii, M.A. " Records of 

 the School of Mines," vol. i. part ill. p. 385. 



H4: 



