KAOLIX. 

 Comp, Arsenide of manganese, or Mn, 

 As= manganese 42-4, arsenic 57'6 = 100. 



Analysis, by Kane : 



Manganese . . . . 45*5 



Arsenic 51-8 



Iron trace 



97-3 



BB burns with a blue flame and falls to 

 powder; at a greater heat the arsenic is 

 given off, and redeposited upon the charcoal 

 as a white powder. 



Soluble without residue in aqua-regia. 



Locality. Supposed to be Saxony. 



Name. After Sir R. J. Kane of Dublin, by 

 whom it was first observed, attached to a 

 mass of Galena. 



Kaolin, or Porcelain Clay. Occurs mas- 

 sive and disseminated, and is composed of 

 small particles which possess only a slight 

 degree of coherence. Colour generally va- 

 rious shades of white or grey, inclining 

 sometimes to blue, yellow, red or brown. 

 Opaque, dull. Earthy, sectile. Friable. 

 Adheres slightly to the tongue. Soft and 

 meagre to the touch when dry, plastic when 

 wet. H. 1 to 2. S.G. 2-25. 



Comp. Plydrous silicate of alumina or 



Al Si + 2H=: alumina 44-5, silica 40-0, water 



15-5 = 100. 

 Analysis, from Plympton, Devonshire, by 



Brongniart §• Malaguti : 



Silica 44-26 



Alumina . . . .36-81 

 Lime, magnesia, potash . 1-55 

 Iron and manganese . . trace 

 Non -argillaceous residue . 4-80 

 Water 2-74 



99-66 



JB5 infusible. 



Decomposed by warm sulphuric acid, which 

 dissolves the alumina, and leaves the silica. 



Localities. — British. The best Kaolin, or 

 Porcelain Clays, which are the result of 

 the decomposition of felspar in granite, are 

 procured from Cornwall and Devonshire. 

 {M.P.G. Wall-case 7, in Upper Gallery). It 

 is also found on the S. W. side of Fetlar, one 

 of the Shetland Islands. — Foreign. The finest 

 porcelain clay of Saxony is obtained from 

 beds in gneiss at Aue, near Schneeberg; 

 the Berlin porcelain is made from clay dug 

 at Gomritz, below Halle, in the district of 

 Magdeburg ; also at Zotenburg and Giern 

 in Lower Silesia. The Austrian porcelain 

 is made of clay which is dug near Passau ; 

 that of Copenhagen from the produce of 



KAP^ITE. 199 



Bornholm, an island in the Baltic ; the 

 French of Sevres and Paris with clay dug 

 at Saint- Yrieix, near Limoges, where it 

 forms a Kaolin of great purity, derived 

 from decomposed gneiss ; and the English 

 from the clays of Devon and Cornwall, 

 Louhossoa, in the Basses Pyrenees. Zettlitz 

 near Carlsbad, and many other places in 

 Bohemia. 



Kaolin is chiefly derived from the de- 

 composition of Felspar, which may have 

 been produced by the action of infiltrating 

 waters containing carbonic acid in solution. 

 The effect of such water would be to carry 

 off the lime and the alkalies of the Fel- 

 spar as carbonates, or as silicates in solu- 

 tion, and to leave the silica and the 

 alumina behind in the form of a clay. 



Name. The name, according to Dana, is 

 a corruption of the Chinese word Kau-ling 

 (meaning high-ridge), the name of a hill 

 near Jauchau Fu, where this mineral is ob- 

 tained. 



Kapnicite, Kenngott. In small radiated 

 feathery rounded concretions, the needles 

 apparently rhombic prisms, with acute edges 

 replaced, and low pyramidal terminations. 

 Colour yellowish or greenish-white. Lustre 

 vitreous. H. 3-5 to 4. 



Comp. Hydrous sulphate of alumina, 



A15S2 + 11H = sulphuric acid 6-20, alumina 

 7575, water (from the loss) 18-55 = 100. 

 ( Von HauerC) 



Name. After the locality, Kapnik, in 

 Hungary, where it occurs, associated with 

 Felsobanyite. 



According to Stadeler, Kapnicite only 

 differs from Wavellite by containing two 

 atoms less water. 



Kapnite, Breithaupt. A variety of Zinc- 

 spar, containing more than 15 per cent, of 

 protoxide of iron. S.G. 4 to 4 15. 



Analysis, from Altenberg, by Monheim : 

 Carbonate of zinc . . . 60-35 

 Carbonate of iron . . . 32-21 

 Carbonate of manganese . 4-02 

 Carbonate of lime . . 1-90 



Carbonate of magnesia . 0-14 

 Calamine . . . .2-49 



lOi-U 



o4 



