300 POLITICAL HISTORY OF PERU. 
fought, where Salaverry was completely defeated, and taken prisoner 
while attempting to gain his vessels at Islay. He was immediately 
tried by a military commission, and with his principal officers shot at 
Arequipa. The career of Salaverry was short, but unexampled in 
Peru for its activity and energy. His fate excited no sympathy, for 
he had committed some of the most barbarous acts, executing persons 
without trial, upon the slightest suspicion of being disaffected to his 
authority. 
Orbejoso, on being reinstated by the aid of Santa Cruz, and the 
insurrection being put down, called an assembly of the deputies at the 
town of Sicuani, and set about punishing all who had taken part or 
served in any manner during the rebellion of Salaverry. 
The nullification of the treaty with Chili is said to have been 
brought about by the advice of Gavia del Rio, who was supposed to 
be somewhat under the influence of Santa Cruz. He made use of 
.the argument, that it contained stipulations injurious to, and contrary 
to the policy of Peru, which was to endeavour to promote direct inter- 
course with all nations, a policy which outweighed all the advantages 
that could be derived from Chili. 
In 1836, General Herrera was received as ambassador from Bolivia 
by Orbejoso, and with General Moran, who commanded the troops, 
seems to have exerted a great influence over Orbejoso. He entered 
into an offensive and defensive alliance with Bolivia, which gave all 
the ascendency to Bolivia, or rather to Santa Cruz, engaging that the 
Bolivian army should remain in Peru until peace should be esta- 
blished at the north. From this it was evident that Peru was ruled 
by strangers, and that her interests were forgotten. The people, 
therefore, soon became dissatisfied with the administration of Orbe- 
joso, and when he desired a new election of deputies, they in many 
of the towns refused to vote, believing that his object was none other 
than to secure himself a re-election by the Assembly. 
He dismembered the eight provinces of Peru, by declaring that 
four of them should be known hereafter under the name of South 
Peru, composed of the departments of Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cusco, 
and Puno. Nothing can be more absurd than the way in which lie 
seems to have conducted the government, and the bombastic and 
foolish tone of his decrees, wherein he is styled, or styles himself, 
" Citizen, Don Louis Orbejoso, Great Hero and meritorious General 
of divisions, and Grand Marshal of the State of South Peru." 
The Assembly of Sicuani met on the 17th March, when it con- 
