304 POLITICAL HISTORY OF PERU. 
of his position to make a treaty, which was entered into whilst the 
troops were drawn up in order of battle. This treaty was highly 
honourable to both nations. By it the Chilians were allowed to 
re-embark, on condition of returning to their own country, and 
afterwards giving up the plundered vessels to Peru. The troops 
returned to Chili, but the Chilian government refused to ratify the 
treaty, which is known as that of Paucarpata. 
Santa Cruz now instituted the Legion of Honour, in order to 
reward all those who had served with him in his campaigns, and 
annexed a certain compensation, which amounted to an annual 
charge upon the state of fifty thousand dollars. 
Great complaints were made by the Peruvians against Santa Cruz 
for appointing so many foreigners to office, and for inveigling the 
Peruvians who were opposed to him into the country, and then 
placing them under surveillance. These measures gave great dis- 
satisfaction, and made him so unpopular that they became at once 
desirous of throwing off the connexion with Bolivia, which it was 
now evident Santa Cruz's ambition had brought about. 
He had besides given public notice in writing to the consul- 
general of Great Britain, and of other nations, requesting them to 
communicate from time to time their views and information relative 
to commercial matters. This, in the opinion of the Peruvians, had 
the effect of giving to foreigners undue participation in the govern- 
ment, Even his friends considered that he might have obtained all 
the information without calling upon them in so public a manner for 
it, and thus exciting the jealousy of the Peruvians. He also issued a 
decree opening the ports of Bolivia and Peru to the Spanish flag. 
However wise the latter measure might have been in a commercial 
point of view, it was ill-timed, for the prejudices against the old 
Spaniards are yet extremely strong in South America, and especially 
in Peru. 
Santa Cruz's policy seems to have been to attach, foreigners to his 
person and government, and they for the most part spoke favourably 
of him ; but as he gained ground with them he lost it with his 
countrymen, and those who were and ought to have been his 
supporters felt chagrined and mortified to see him pursue such a 
course. The Peruvians are conceited, proud, and destitute of that 
education and knowledge which would enable them to understand 
the necessity of asking foreigners for advice respecting their com- 
mercial regulations. 
