POLITICAL HISTORY OF PERU. 
305 
Santa Cruz, believing himself firmly established in Peru, was 
desirous of seeking popularity abroad, and for this purpose wished 
to have it understood that he was disposed to encourage trade with 
foreign nations. 
Chili again despatched to Peru the same troops, augmented by 
reinforcements, under the command of General Bulnes. °With them, 
as in the former expedition, came the proscribed Peruvians, among 
whom was General Gamarra. 
Previous to the arrival of the Chilian expedition, Orbejoso, who 
had been appointed, by Santa Cruz, President of North Peru, 
revolted against his authority, and declared the confederation dis- 
solved. In this he was joined by General Nieto. Orbejoso, however, 
opposed the Chilians, and declined their assistance, telling them that 
if they were seeking Santa Cruz they might seek for him somewhere 
else. Bulnes replied that he must remain ; disembarked his troops, 
and encamped near Lima. The next morning, as one of his regi- 
ments was removing to a more favourable position for water, Orbejoso 
thought that he intended an attack, and, determining to anticipate it, 
marched against him, ordering General Nieto to follow. The latter 
wishing to play chief, kept back. Bulnes, finding himself unexpect- 
edly attacked, ordered an advance on the Peruvians, drove them 
before him, and after the battle* entered Lima with his troops, where 
he maintained himself. Orbejoso, after his defeat under the walls of 
Lima, secreted himself in that city, and from thence, in a few days, 
fled to the Castle of Callao, where he remained until Santa Cruz 
again entered Lima. He then embarked for Guayaquil, where he 
still remains. Nieto sought an asylum on board one of the foreign 
ships of war lying in the bay of Callao. as has been customary in 
their revolutions. 
The day after the Chilians entered Lima, Gamarra succeeded in 
getting himself proclaimed President of Peru, by a few of his 
minions under the bayonets of Chili, and exercised his authority as 
far as their influence extended. 
At the time of these occurrences, Santa Cruz was in Bolivia, 
when, on learning the treachery of Orbejoso, and the occupation of 
* This was witnessed by many persons from the house-tops and steeples, who repre- 
sent it as little better than a massacre ; scenes occurred that were revolting to the sight. 
The history of this so-called battle will be a dark spot on the escutcheons of both Chili 
and Peru, if the truth is ever told. 
vol. i. 77 
