306 POLITICAL HISTORY OF PERU. 
Lima by the Chilians, he collected his force in the valley of Jauja, 
and marched to join General Moran, called the Murat of Pern, 
who was encamped within three days' march of Lima, with three 
thousand men, and awaiting him. Santa Cruz approached Lima, 
after having effected his junction with Moran. He moved on 
confident of success, with his well-appointed force, a host of mar- 
shals and generals in his suite, and boasted that the Chilians would 
soon be in a worse situation than when the treaty of Paucarpata was 
signed. Bulnes, on the approach of Santa Cruz, retired, leaving 
Lima the day before Santa Cruz entered it, embarked his troops in 
the fleet, and sailing north, landed near Huara, in the department of 
Truxillo. This much increased the confidence of the Peruvians, 
who now considered the Chilians as already captured. Belie vino- 
that as the rains had commenced, the Chilians had gone into quarters 
for the winter, Santa Cruz determined to pursue them by land, 
with which intent he made forced marches, through fog and rain, and 
overtook the Chilian army at Huara, where he encamped in a strono- 
position. He considered his enemy to be in so bad a plight, that he 
was sure of overcoming them with ease, and it is said wrote to his 
ministers at Lima, in imitation of Bonaparte, (whom he seems to 
have taken as his model,) "Ah! these Chilians, I have caught them!" 
His intention was to attack them as soon as his soldiers had rested 
after their fatiguing march. The Chilians did not give him leisure 
for this, but to the surprise of Santa Cruz, attacked him in his 
trenches. One of the most sanguinary battles recorded in South 
American history ensued; Santa Cruz was signally defeated, and 
barely escaped with his life, accompanied by no more than twenty 
soldiers. His whole army was entirely cut up, two of his o-enerals 
killed, and three taken prisoners. This battle decided the fate of the 
Peru-Bolivian Confederation. Santa Cruz was the first to take the 
news to Lima. He was joined there by Moran, whom he placed in 
the Castle of Callao, with orders to hold out four months, previous to 
which time he would bring relief, and reinstate himself in authority. 
He was proceeding to Arequipa, when news reached him that General 
Ballevian, the Bolivian commander-in-chief, had declared against him 
in Bolivia, and also that General Velasco was named President; lastly, 
Arequipa, the faithful Arequipa, deserted him with all his officers,' 
with one or two exceptions. Every where his life was cried for; he 
had but time to mount his horse and fly to Islay, accompanied by 
General Miller, Cardeno, and Garcia del Rio, who still adhered to 
