dred-million line in the number of its 

 citizens, and it is interesting to note the 

 composition of that population. 



To begin with, there are 11,000,000 col- 

 ored people, including negroes, Indians, 

 Chinese, etc. Then there are 14,500,000 

 people of foreign birth among us. In ad- 

 dition to these, there are 14,000,000 chil- 

 dren of foreign-born fathers and mothers 

 and 6,500,000 children of foreign-born 

 fathers and native mothers, or vice versa. 

 When all of these have been deducted 

 from the 100,000,000, only 54,000,000 

 remain of full white native ancestry. 



NOTABLE PEOPLE OE FOREIGN' STOCK 



Yet the 35,000,000 American people 

 who are of foreign stock — that is, foreign 

 born or the children of a foreign-born 

 parent — include some of the most illus- 

 trious citizens of our Republic. Even 

 the President of the United States him- 

 self has only one ancestor who was born 

 in America, and the list is long and nota- 

 ble of statesmen, captains of industry, 

 leaders of finance, inventors, makers of 

 literature and progress, who have strains 

 of blood not more than one generation 

 on this side of the sea. 



An examination of the statistics of 

 American immigration shows that since 

 the foundation of our government the 

 United Kingdom of Great Britain and 

 Ireland have contributed 8,400,000 of her 

 people and Germany more than six mil- 

 lion. Ireland, with more than four mil- 

 lion ; Great Britain, with a little less than 

 four million, and Scandinavia, with some- 

 thing less than two million, have, to- 

 gether with Germany, contributed more 

 than half of the total immigration to our 

 shores since the beginning of the Revo- 

 lutionary War. 



When we take the German immigra- 

 tion of the United States between 1776 

 and 1890 and compare it with that from 

 other countries, a somewhat startling re- 

 sult, and one usually unsuspected, is dis- 

 closed. The total arrivals of aliens in 

 those 114 years aggregated 15,689,000, of 

 whom more than 6,000,000 were British 

 and Irish and 5,125,000 were Germans, 

 which shows that one alien out of every 

 three arriving in America during more 

 than a century of our existence was a 

 German. Only the United Kingdom 

 shows a greater proportion. 



Photograph from Frederic C. Howe 

 TYPICAL HEAD-DRESS OF ITALIAN WOMEN 



Since 1890 the trend has been very dif- 

 ferent. With more than 17,000,000 im- 

 migrant arrivals since that date, only 

 1,023,000 have been Germans. If from 

 this number a proper deduction is made 

 for those who returned to their homeland 

 and those who have died since their ar- 

 rival, it will be seen that there are fewer 

 than a million former subjects of the 

 Kaiser in this country who have not been 

 here more than twenty-six years. Of 

 more than 8,000,000 people of German 

 birth and immediate ancestry among us, 

 less than 1,000,000 fail to have the back- 

 ground of birth or long residence in 

 America behind them. 



Ireland's gift to America 



It is interesting to note the other for- 

 eign elements that have entered into the 

 make-up of American population since 

 1776. What a wealth of blood that won- 

 derful little island, Ireland, has given us ! 

 More Irish people have crossed the seas 

 to become part of us than have remained 



