A CLOSE-UP VIEW OF THE VACCINATING OPERATIONS ; AESO SHOWING ONE OE THE 

 EIGHT CARS USED BY THE SERVICE 



The priest on the front seat is recording the names of those vaccinated. Scientific Assist- 

 ant R. E. Porter is standing, administering anti-typhoid vaccine. Dr. R. P. Harris, sitting at 

 the table, is vaccinating a boy against smallpox. Note the area covered with iodine on the 

 arms of the boys in line waiting for their typhoid vaccination. 



the campaign, at this point, two carloads 

 were sold to property-owners. 



The milk supply was obtained from ten 

 small, grossly insanitary dairies, located 

 in the city itself or in its immediate out- 

 skirts. All the ice-cream was manufac- 

 tured under dangerously insanitary con- 

 ditions. There was no inspection, super- 

 vision, or regulation of the city's single 

 abattoir. Stables were conducted in the 

 heart of the city without restriction. 

 Mosquito-breeding flourished. Malaria, 

 typhoid, and dysentery were of common 

 occurrence. 



These are only two examples chosen at 

 random. They are capable of endless 

 repetition. 



Lest the reader take alarm at the 

 thought of troops being quartered in 

 proximity to conditions such as are de- 

 scribed above, it may be stated that al- 

 ready in these two situations there has 

 been a marked improvement, and many 



of the insanitary conditions have been 

 entirely corrected. 



The first step was to make rapid pre- 

 liminary surveys in each area to deter- 

 mine existing conditions, the additional 

 measures and organization which would 

 be required to exercise adequate sanitary 

 control, and the extent to which State 

 and local resources were available to ac- 

 complish this. For this purpose survey 

 parties, consisting of commissioned medi- 

 cal officers, sanitary engineers, epidemi- 

 ologists, and scientific assistants, were 

 hastily thrown into the field. 



THOUSANDS OE SQUARE MIEES UNDER 

 SANITARY SURVEY 



The magnitude of this single operation 

 may be sensed when it is realized that 

 for the army alone there are sixteen Na- 

 tional Army cantonments and sixteen 

 National Guard camps, in addition to 

 manv militarv zones in which smaller 



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