which is one-half that of the blue field. On 

 the ribs of the buffalo appears the great shield 

 of the State of Wyoming in blue. The diam- 

 eter of the shield is one-fifth the length of the 

 flag. Attached to the flag is a cord of gold 

 with gold tassels. x\ll penalties provided by 

 the laws of the State for the misuse of a 

 national flag are applicable to the State flag. 



345. Utah's flag, consisting of a blue field 

 with a border of gold and a design in the 

 center, was adopted in 191 1. The design was 

 revised in 1913. It consists now of a device 

 in natural colors, the fundamental portion of 

 which is a shield surmounted by an eagle with 

 outstretched wings. The shield bears a bee- 

 hive, on each side of which grow sego lilies 

 and above which is the word "Industry." At 

 the bottom of the shield is a green field bear- 

 ing the date 1847. with the word "Utah" above 

 it. Two American flags on flagstaff s, placed 

 crosswise, are so draped that they project be- 

 yond each side of the shield, the head of the 

 flagstaffs in front of the eagle's wings, and 

 the bottom of each staff appearing over the 

 face of the draped flag below the shield. Be- 

 low the shield and flags and upon the blue field 

 is the date "1896," the year in which the State 

 was admitted to the Union. Around the entire 

 design is a narrow circle of gold. 



346. Oklahoma. — The law under which 

 Oklahoma adopted an official State flag was 

 enacted in 191 1. The flag authorized under it 

 consists of a red field, in the center of which 

 is a five-pointed star of white edged with blue, 

 with the figures "46" in blue in the middle of 

 the star. This number proclaims the fact that 

 Oklahoma was the forty-sixth State to become 

 a part of the Union. The Oklahoma flag de- 

 parts from the usual in its pike head. Instead 

 of the regulation spearhead, an eagle at rest, 

 facing the direction of the fly, stands guard 

 over the colors. 



347. New Mexico. — Embodying elements 

 unique in flag design, the official flag of the 

 State of Xew Mexico was adopted shortly 

 after the Commonwealth became a member of 

 the Union. The banner has a turquoise blue 

 field, emblematic of the blue skies of New 

 Mexico : it has a canton consisting of the flag 

 of the United States in miniature in the upper 

 left-hand corner, designating the loyalty of the 

 people of the State to the Union ; in the upper 

 right-hand corner of the field a figure 47. the 

 forty-seventh star and State in the American 

 Union ; in the lower right-hand corner is the 

 great seal of the State, and upon the field run- 

 ning from the lower left to the upper right- 

 hand corner are the words "New Mexico" in 

 white. When the flag law was passed it was 

 ordered that the embroidered banner attached 

 to the bill should be deposited with the Secre- 

 tary of State to be faithfully kept by him in 

 the archives of the Commonwealth. 



348. Arizona. — A bill making the flag of 

 the battleship Arizona the banner of the Com- 

 monwealth for which it is named failed to 

 pass the State Senate in 1915, but a similar 

 bill was adopted early in 1917. As finally de- 

 scribed, the upper part of the flag consists of 

 thirteen segments or rays, alternate red and 

 yellow ; the lower part is a solid field of blue, 

 while upon the center is imposed a copper star. 



It was objected at the time of the adoption of 

 this design that it contained nothing charac- 

 teristic of Arizona; that it infringed upon the 

 ensign of Japan, and that the effect of a star 

 against a rising sun was a severe straining of 

 astronomy. A substitute bill was prepared and 

 offered to the upper house of the legislature, 

 but the original form became a law, thus es- 

 tablishing one of the most striking of the State 

 banners. 



349. The flag of Hawaii preserves the 

 crosses of St. Andrew, St. George, and St. 

 Patrick, and carries eight stripes. Some of 

 the Southern States retain the cross of St. 

 Andrew, but Hawaii is the only American soil 

 over which float the three crosses which were 

 the cantonal feature of the first flag of the 

 United Colonies of America (364). 



350. The flag of the National Guard of the 

 District of Columbia has a rectangular field, 

 the fly end of which is swallow-tailed. Cen- 

 tered thereon is a small hatchet, whose alleged 

 manipulation in connection with an apocryphal 

 cherry tree is reputed to have put the Father 

 of His Country to a very trying test in the 

 matter of veracity. The designations of the 

 forces appear on scrolls above and below the 

 hatchet. 



351. The banner of the National Geographic 

 Society is a flag of adventure and conquest; 

 a flag of adventure because it is ever carried 

 beyond the horizon of known scientific fact, in 

 the hope that there may be found some new 

 truth that will make mankind freer in the solu- 

 tion of the problems that ever confront the 

 race ; it is the flag of conquest because it has 

 gone to the tops of high mountains, to the in- 

 most recesses of regions unexplored by civil- 

 ized man, to the craters of volcanoes whose 

 fiery depths have never been surveyed by the 

 human eye. Those who have had its support 

 have conquered polar ice and polar seas, have 

 mastered many of the secrets of glacial action, 

 have lent a hand to the solution of the great 

 problem of vulcanism, have unearthed the holy 

 city of the Incas, have rescued venerable trees 

 of California from the only enemy they ever 

 feared — the man with the ax and the saw. Its 

 colors, typifying earth, sea, and sky, proclaim 

 the illimitable reaches of the fields of interest 

 over which it flies, and the vastness of the 

 work of exploration and diffusion of knowl- 

 edge, in which it has played no small part, and 

 to which its future efforts shall ever be dedi- 

 cated,, 



352. The Governor of the Panama Canal 

 Zone flies a rectangular flag upon which is 

 centered the seal of the Canal Zone. This 

 consists of an escutcheon which shows a ship 

 under full sail passing through Gaillard Cut, 

 at the point where it divides Gold Hill and 

 Contractor's Hill. Below the escutcheon is a 

 streamer bearing the now familiar words, 

 "The land divided, the world united." The 

 escutcheon and streamer are grounded upon a 

 circle of white. 



353. The seal of the Territory of Alaska is 

 a circular field bearing in the background a 

 sun rising over snow-capped, embattled moun- 

 tains. In the right foreground are the waters 

 that wash the shore of the territory, bearing 

 two sailing vessels. To the left is a pier, 



340 



