who controls the appointment of justices of 

 the peace and issues commissions in the local 

 military organizations, and in earlier times was 

 charged with the defense of his county in case 

 of disturbance. 



844. The flag of British diplomatic func- 

 tionaries is that of the Empire, bearing upon 

 the intersection of the crosses a white shield 

 surrounded by a garland. The shield is charged 

 with the royal arms — that is, the lions of Eng- 

 land, the red lion of Scotland, and the harp of 

 Ireland — in the quarters corresponding to those 

 of the royal standard (833), with a lion and a 

 unicorn, rampant, for supporters. 



845-860. These are the flags of various de- 

 partments of the British Government. 



BRITISH COLONIAL FLAGS 



The union jack (829) is the national flag of 

 the colonies as well as of the mother country, 

 and, although it is a rule more honored in its 

 breach than in its observance, no other flag is 

 to be flown ashore. The ensigns are, strictly 

 speaking, maritime flags and are not supposed 

 to be displayed ashore. According to British 

 flag law, the union. jack, in its plain condition 

 and without emblazonment or badge, is the 

 only flag an individual or corporation in Brit- 

 ish realms may properly fly. However, since 

 the shipping of the principal colonies is accus- 

 tomed to fly the red ensign with the badge of 

 the colony represented in the fly (see 871, 911, 

 968, etc.), this flag is frequently, if not indeed 

 usually, displayed by the people of the several 

 colonies as their particular flag. Vessels bear- 

 ing colonial governors or other administrative 

 officials of badge-possessing rank fly the union 

 jack with a badge of the colony placed within 

 a wreath at the intersection of the crosses. 

 Vessels of the colonial public service display 

 the blue ensign with the badge of the colony 

 from which it hails in the fly. 



861. The badge of Gibraltar is a castle and 

 key, appropriate to the strategic position of 

 this natural fortress. An inscription on a 

 scroll below represents Mount Calpe, Calpe 

 being the ancient name of the European Pillar 

 of Hercules as distinct from Ape's Hill, the 

 African Pillar. 



862. The badge of Malta is a gold-bordered 

 shield of white and red, and not the eight- 

 pointed silver cross of the Hospitallers (see 

 1169). 



863. The badge of Cyprus has two red lions 

 adapted from the antique. 



864. The badge of the Isle of Man consists 

 of an escutcheon upon which are three tri- 

 corporate running legs. They are joined at 

 the upper part of the thighs and flexed in a 

 triangle. Once these legs were the arms of 

 Sicily, but they were bare ; when appropriated 

 by the Manxmen, they were first supplied with 

 hose, later incased in armor, and finally 

 equipped with spurs. 



865. Alderney's badge is a green medallion 

 bearing a golden lion crowned and rampant. 



866. Jersey contents herself with a badge 

 showing the three lions of England. 



867. The badge of Guernsey shows the three 

 lions of England with the addition of a sprig 

 at the top. 



868. The flag of the Governor General of 

 Canada consists of the national flag of the 

 British Empire with the arms of Canada, sur- 

 rounded by a wreath and crowned, imposed 

 upon the intersection of the crosses. 



869. The badge of Canada has a shield 

 quartered. In the first quarter is the shield of 

 Ontario (872), in the second of Quebec (873), 

 in the third that of Nova Scotia (874), and in 

 the fourth that of New Brunswick (875). The 

 provinces of Prince Edward Island, Manitoba, 

 and British Columbia do not appear, having 

 joined the Dominion after the arms were de- 

 vised. Around the escutcheon are intertwined 

 wreaths and above it the crown of the Empire. 



870. The blue ensign of Canada is the Brit- 

 ish blue ensign with the addition of the es- 

 cutcheon of the Colonial Government imposed 

 on the fly end. 



871. The merchant flag of Canada is the 

 red ensign of the British merchant marine, 

 with the shield of the Canadian Government 

 imposed on the field. 



872. Ontario's badge has an escutcheon, the 

 upper third of which bears a cross of St. 

 George on white and the lower two-thirds 

 three maple leaves on green. 



873. The badge of Quebec is an escutcheon 

 of gold with a horizontal bar of red in the 

 center. At the top of the shield are the lilies 

 of France, which proclaim the old French do- 

 minion. The lion of England on the red bar 

 proclaims the present rule, and the maple leaf 

 at the bottom is the emblem of Canada itself. 



874. Nova Scotia's badge is an escutcheon 

 of gold with a horizontal bar of blue in the 

 middle. The bar bears a silver salmon. Above 

 and below the blue stripe are thistles, which 

 are reminiscent of Scotland (see also 386). 



875. Bearing the golden lion of England at 

 the top and the ancient lymphad or galley be- 

 low, the badge of New Brunswick has the 

 same colors in its field as that of Quebec. 



876. Manitoba's badge is an escutcheon 

 bearing the cross of St. George at the top on 

 white and a natural-colored buffalo on green 

 below. 



877. Prince Edward Island, which joined 

 the Dominion in 1873, has for its badge a 

 shield which bears the British lion at the top 

 on red and two trees, one large and one small, 

 on white. The inscription is "Parva sub in- 

 genti" (The little under the great). 



878. British Columbia's badge consists of a 

 shield bearing the union jack at the top and a 

 rising sun below, its rays extending over five 

 blue and white horizontal stripes which occupy 

 the middle section of the shield. 



879. Newfoundland is Great Britain's ''senior 

 colony," being the earliest discovered, though 

 not continuously occtipied, of British overseas 

 dominions. Its badge is a Mercury introduc- 

 ing to Britannia a kneeling sailor who has just 

 landed from a boat. "These gifts I bring you" 

 is the inscription. At the top are the words 

 "Terra Nova." 



880. Bermuda's badge is a white shield on 

 which is represented the wreck of the Sea 

 Venture, under Sir George Somers, in 1609. 

 There is shown a cliff loftier than the ship's 

 masthead, and the imposed escutcheon bearing 

 the scene is supported by a red lion. 



381 



