THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



469 



cotton, about six miles northeast of 

 Greenville, S. C. The country is rolling, 

 and the camp boasts pure air, pure water, 

 and no mosquitoes. The main line of 

 the Southern Railway to Washington di- 

 vides the camp proper from the maneuver 

 grounds. Paris station is located just at 

 the boundary of the encampment. The 

 maneuver field is crossed lengthwise by 

 a stream of considerable size. 



This region has sunshine on 254 days 

 of the average year. Its annual mean 

 temperature is 58 °, and — 5 is the record 

 low temperature. The cool mountain air 

 tempers the summer heat, which seldom 

 goes above 97 °. 



Greenville, the nearest town and the 

 county seat, was settled in the year of 

 the Declaration of Independence and in- 

 corporated in 1831. It is of considerable 

 industrial importance and is noted as an 

 educational center, with four colleges. 

 Four railroads run into Greenville, con- 

 necting it directly with Knoxville, Co- 

 lumbia, Charleston, Atlanta, and Wash- 

 ington. 



Col. John Sevier, for whom this camp 

 is named, became famous as an Indian 

 fighter, and was made a brigadier general 

 under Marion in 1781. He proclaimed 

 himself governor of the "State of Frank- 

 lin," in the territory which is now Ten- 

 nessee, when North Carolina wished to 

 cede those western lands to Congress. 

 The "State of Franklin" collapsed, but 

 Sevier's conduct did not prevent his be- 

 coming later a member of the North 

 Carolina Senate, and still later (1790), 

 representing that State in Congress. He 

 enjoyed the unusual distinction of having 

 been sent to Congress at different times 

 by two States, for he represented Ten- 

 nessee from 181 1 to 181 5, having pre- 

 viously served in that State's Senate and 

 for three terms as Governor. 



CAMP HANCOCK 



Camp Hancock, the National Guard 

 home for Pennsylvania troops, adjoins 

 the southwest city limits of Augusta, Ga., 

 and comprises 2,000 acres, on which are 

 800 permanent buildings. The Georgia 

 Railroad to Atlanta runs along the south- 

 ern border of the site and connects with 

 the Southern Railway's union station in 



the city. A lake formed by the south 

 fork of Rae Creek lies at the northwest- 

 ern extremity of the camp. 



Augusta's climate has all the charms 

 of the Sunny South. Two hundred and 

 sixty-seven days of the average year are 

 clear or only partly cloudy ; the lowest 

 winter temperature is three degrees above 

 zero, the maximum in summer is 105 °, 

 and the mean temperature is 64 . The 

 city is one of the most popular inland 

 winter resorts in the United States. 



Augusta was founded in 1735 by the 

 English philanthropist and soldier, James 

 Edward Oglethorpe, to whom the colony 

 of Georgia was granted by George II. 

 For nine years Oglethorpe labored to es- 

 tablish in this wilderness a colony which 

 would remedy the evil of debtors' prisons 

 in England. He was the guiding spirit 

 in the administration of the colony and 

 its defender against the hostile tide of 

 Spanish colonists and Indians on the 

 south. Financial obligations incurred in 

 promoting the colony compelled his re- 

 turn to England, but he retained his in- 

 terest in American affairs and was one of 

 the earliest to assure the first ambassador 

 of the independent United States to Eng- 

 land of his regard for the new nation and 

 his satisfaction that the difficulties be- 

 tween it and Great Britain were at an end. 



The city stands at the head of naviga- 

 tion on the Savannah River, making pos- 

 sible an all-water connection with eastern 

 markets. Nine railroads give it further 

 commercial advantages. It has many in- 

 dustries, among which cotton manufac- 

 ture predominates, giving the city the 

 name "the Lowell of the South." 



Winfield Scott Hancock, for whom this 

 camp is named, ranks high on the roll of 

 American soldiers. A West Point grad- 

 uate, he earned a first lieutenancy in the 

 Mexican War. Commissioned a briga- 

 dier general of volunteers at the begin- 

 ning of the Civil War, he rose to the rank 

 of major general in the Regular Army 

 during that conflict. At Williamsburg his 

 conduct was mentioned by General Mc- 

 Clellan as "superb." Hancock's Division 

 is credited with having saved the Federal 

 forces from a rout at Chancellorsville. 

 He was wounded at Gettysburg, where 

 he won distinction for his judgment and 



