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THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 



also the State capital. It is situated at the 

 head of navigation of the Alabama, and 

 built for the most part on the high bluff 

 above the river. With its many fine old- 

 fashioned residences and beautiful gar- 

 dens, Montgomery retains some of the 

 leisurely charm of plantation days, but in 

 other respects it is typical of the new 

 South. It is a great inland cotton mar- 

 ket, and has a fortunate location with 

 regard to timber and deposits of iron and 

 coal. Its manufacturing interests are im- 

 portant. 



No State was more zealous in the Seces- 

 sion movement than Alabama, and it was 

 from Montgomery that the telegraphic 

 order to fire on Fort Sumter was de- 

 spatched. The Confederate Government 

 was inaugurated by Jefferson Davis in 

 the State House here, on Februarv 18, 

 1861. Today this "Cradle of the Con- 

 federacy" is welcoming the sons of two 

 Northern States who are to be defenders 

 of the honor and ideals of North and 

 South alike. 



Camp Sheridan is named for General 

 Philip Henry Sheridan, whose brilliant 

 part in the Civil War is familiar to every 

 American. 



CAMP SHELBY 



Camp Shelby, where the National 

 Guardsmen of Indiana and Kentucky are 

 encamped, is located about ten and a half 

 miles southeast of Hattiesburg, Miss., 

 with its 15,000 inhabitants. The camp 

 site was heavily wooded. About 180,000 

 stumps had to be blown out in the course 

 of construction. The camp is oblong in 

 shape and comprises something more than 

 three square miles, with a target range 

 one mile square adjoining it on the east. 

 The Leaf River flows southeast from 

 Hattiesburg and the tributary Jacobs 

 Creek enters the camp grounds. 



The average temperature for the year, 

 in this region, is 6j°, with 103 as the 

 greatest summer heat. One degree below 

 zero stands as the extreme record in low 

 temperatures. Although only 226 davs a 

 year are clear or only partly cloudy, a 

 smaller total than in most of the -south- 

 eastern camps, 177 days are cloudless. 



This camp is named for a Revolution- 

 ary soldier, Colonel Isaac Shelby. A na- 



tive of Maryland, at the age of 24 he 

 became a lieutenant under his father's 

 command. By 1777 he had risen to the 

 rank of colonel ; he played a distinguished 

 part in the battle of King's Mountain 

 and served in the Southern campaign 

 under Greene. He was a member of the 

 Virginia House of Delegates in 1778 and 

 later a member of the North Carolina 

 egislature. He was a member of the Con- 

 stitutional Convention, and in 1792 Gov- 

 ernor of Kentucky, after playing an im- 

 portant part in bringing that State into 

 an existence separate from Virginia. As 

 governor he served two terms, and then, 

 in a crisis of the War of 1812, returned 

 to military service and went to the relief 

 of General Harrison in Canada, with 

 4,000 Kentucky volunteers. He received 

 a medal from Congress for his services 

 in the battle of the Thames. - His name 

 and fame are commemorated in the South 

 and West, where there are nine Shelby 

 counties. 



CAMP EEAU REGARD 



Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas 

 National Guard forces are spending their 

 preparation period at Camp Beauregard, 

 adjacent to Alexandria, La. Camp Beau- 

 regard is located in the heart of the long- 

 leaf pine district, with forests stretching 

 in every direction for some 75 miles. In 

 the immediate vicinity of the city, to the 

 north of the Red River, are cotton, sugar, 

 and alfalfa fields, while south of the river 

 there are rich farming districts. 



Alexandria has a war history of inter- 

 est. In the spring of 1863 Admiral Por- 

 ter, with a fleet of river boats, cooperated 

 with General Banks in driving the Con- 

 federates westward. In 1864 the town 

 was again occupied by Union troops, as 

 a concentration camp for the land and 

 water forces to be sent against General 

 Kirby Smith at Shreveport. The gun- 

 boats passed up the river toward Shreve- 

 port while high water prevailed, but were 

 caught above the falls at Alexandria and 

 would have been lost but for the timely 

 work of Lieut. Col. Joseph Bailey, who 

 constructed a dam which saved them. 



Camp Beauregard was named for Gen- 

 eral P. G. T. Beauregard, of the Con- 

 federate Army. Born in New Orleans in 



