280 



FOREST AND STREAM 



2^** 



A WEEKLY JOURNAL, 



D^oted to Field and Aquatic Spobts, Practical Natural Histoby, 

 -pt^h^ttt^uj^ THE Pkotsctionop Game, Preservation of Forests, 

 aitd the Inculcation in Men and Women of a healthy interest 

 in Out-door Recreation and Study : 



PUBLISHED BY 



0&mi md Mtrmtq §nblishmg §mn$at[%, 



.AT 



17 CHATHAM STREET, (CITY HALL SQUARE) NEW YORK, 



[Post Office Box 2832.1 



127 SOUTH THIRD STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 



♦ — 



Terms, Five Dollars a Year, Strictly In Advance. 



A discount of twenty -fi ve per cent, allowed for five copies and upwards. 



<«SMM»>- 



Advertising Kates. 



In regular advertising columns, nonpareil type, 12 lines to the inch, 2£ 

 Cents per line. Advertisements on outside page, 40 cents per line. Reading 

 notices, 50 cents per line. Advertisements in double column 25 per cent, 

 extra. Where advertisements are inserted over 1 month, a discount of 

 10 per cent, will be made; over three months, 20 per cent; over six 

 jaonths, 30 per cent. - 



NEW YORK, THURSDAY, DCEEMBER 9, 1875. 



To Correspondents. 



— « 



All communications whatever, whether relating to business or literary 

 Correspondence, must be addressed to The Forest and Stream Pub- 

 lishing Company. Personal or private letters of course excepted. 



All communications intended for publication must be accompanied with 

 real name, as a guaranty of good faith. Names will not be published if 

 objection be made. No anonymous contributions will be regarded. 



Articles relating to any topic within the scope of this paper are solicited. 



We cannot promise to return rejected manuscripts. 



Secretaries of Clubs and Associations are urged to favor us with brief 

 notes of their movements and transactions, as it is the aim of this paper 

 to become a medium of useful and reliable information between gentle- 

 men sportsmen from one end of the country to the other ; and they will 

 find our columns a desirable medium for advertising announcements. 



The Publishers of Forest and Stream aim to merit and secure the 

 patronage and countenance of that portion of the community whose re- 

 fined intelligence enables them to properly appreciate and enjoy all that 

 s beautiful in Nature. It will pander to no depraved tastes, nor pervert 

 ihe legitimate sports of land and water to those base uses which always 

 tend to make them unpopular with the virtuous and good. No advertise- 

 ment or business notice of an immoral character will be received on any 

 terms ; and nothing will be admitted to any department of the paper that 

 may not be read with propriety in the home circle. 



We cannot be responsible for the dereliction of the mail service, if 

 money remitted to us is lost. 



Advertisements should be sent in by Saturday of each week, if possible. 



CHARLES H ALLOCR, Editor. 



WILLIAM C. HARRIS, Business Manager. 



COLLEGIATE RIFLE MATCHES. 



*HE movement that has recently been instituted to in- 

 troduce rifle practice among the different colleges, 

 and to initiate an annual "Intercollegiate Rifle Match" at 

 Creedmoor, is one that is deserving of commendation, All 

 attempts to excite an interest in manly sports among the 

 young men of the country are beneficial in the extreme. 

 The hold which athletic exercises have taken in the various 

 colleges is a strong proof of their value. Through the in- 

 fluence of th-e press and the support of the common sense 

 of the community the interest in this subject is constantly 

 increasing, and the attempt to add rifle practice to the list 

 ©f college sports will undoubtedly be a great success. 



There are many advantages connected with this practice 

 that do not belong to the usual college amusements. Un- 

 like boating, walking, or gymnastics, it requires no un- 

 usual strength or stature to excel. As no training and but 

 little practice is required, the time taken from study is 

 comparatively small. It develops those qualities of cool- 

 ness, nerve, and sound judgment which are not only valu- 

 able in themselves, but the cultivation of which, as they 

 involve abstinence from dissipation of all description, can- 

 not but have the best effect upon young men. The advan- 

 tages that will result to the public from having the youth 

 of the country trained to the practical use of the rifle will 

 be great. The defense of the nation, in the future as in 

 the past, will depend upon volunteers from the people, and 

 their value will be more than doubled if expert shots. 



At Wimbledon the annual contests between the public 

 schools and colleges is one of the great events of the meet- 

 ing. Teams from Rugby, Winchester, Harrow, etc., are 

 as regular competitors as those of the volunteers, and the 

 Oxford and Cambridge match excites fully as much atten- 

 tion as the contest for the Elcho Shield. 



It is to be hoped that steps will be taken at once to fol- 

 low the example of Harvard and Middletown and organize 

 teams in the various colleges for a grand intercollegiate 

 match next ye^ar. Columbia, the University and the Col- 

 lege of New York, from their proximity to Creedmoor, 

 should set the example. The Alumni of the different col- 

 leges should take up the matter and offer a few prizes for 

 competition; the rest would follow — a matter of course. 

 It should be recollected, however, that the practice to be 

 cultivated is "yfhilitary shooting with military rifles" and par- 

 ticularly shooting from the shoulder. Long range shoot- 

 ing is well enough in its way, but will always be confined 

 to the few. It is also too expensive to enable it to be popu- 

 lar. In England all college matches are shot with the same 



weapons and at the same distances as those of the volun- 

 teers, and their example should be followed in this coun- 

 try. A match next Fall with military rifles, shot "off- 

 hand" at 200 yards, and lying at 500 yards, would be un- 

 doubtedly participated in by most of the colleges, and, it is 

 to be hoped, will be included in the next programme of the 

 National Rifle Association. 



For our own part we are quite willing to lend what en- 

 couragement we can to this movement by offering a badge 

 as a prize for students' competitions, either at Creedmoor 

 or at other ranges to which they have access. 



A HOLIDAY APPEAL. 



THE high estimation in which Fokest and Stream is 

 held by its readers is attested to by hundreds of 

 friendly letters now on our files. However, we seldom 

 print encomiums, because we believe the paper can stand 

 ©n its own merits without bolstering. With this written 

 testimony before us we feel safe in urging our patrons at 

 this time to press its claims upon the attention of their 

 friends. Under the promise and prospect of better times 

 to come, our circulation should be doubled during the year 

 before us, and it can be, with very little effort on the part 

 of those to whom we appeal. The time has now come 

 when we desire to avail ourselves of the many kindly prof- 

 fers of service that have been extended to us, and to test 

 their sincerity and worth. We have labored faithfully and 

 like beavers throughout a long period of financial depres- 

 sion to supply a want in journalism which the public rec- 

 ognize. If anything is lacking, an increase in our ready 

 resources will enable us to fill the deficiency. What we 

 desire is this : — 



That each subscriber now on our lists will exert himself 

 to influence an additional name. Let each induce a friend 

 to take the paper, and the result we seek for will be at- 

 tained. The individual service is slight, but the aggregate 

 is most potential. 



In this Holiday Season, when gifts are in vogue, no 

 trifling present will be more acceptable to many than a 

 year's subscription to Forest and Stream. The benefit 

 accruing will be substantial and continuous. To the youth 

 it will yield more lasting pleasure and profit than a toy or 

 trinket; to the adult it will prove a source of constant and 

 unfailing information. In every large mercantile estab- 

 lishment and manufactory there are many employes who 

 are much interested in the subjects of which this journal 

 especially treats; no more fitting or welcome recognition 

 of their services could be bestowed by their employers than 

 a year's subscription to our paper. On the frontier army 

 posts, isolated from civilization, are many officers to whom 

 the Forest and Stream would be most acceptable, as it 

 now is to dozens of them who subscribe to it and write for 

 it. It just meets their wants and their tastes. Let their 

 friends at home make a note of this. To students of natu- 

 ral history, and all persons interested in field and aquatic 

 sports; to members of rifle clubs, now rapidly multiplying 

 all over the land; to the tourist or invalid in search of new 

 fields of discovery or rest, the paper is invaluable. Each 

 week its columns are filled with information of the most 

 useful kind. The attractions of remote and unknown sec- 

 tions are weekly brought to notice in our pages. Useful 

 recipes for all manner of requisites are given. Instruction 

 is collated from most intelligent sources in all the arts that 

 pertain to the sportsman's craft. New devices and inven- 

 tions are developed. Solutions are constantly given to the 

 problem of how to employ the leisure hour with pleasure 

 and profit; to recuperate wasted energies; to enjoy nature 

 as we find it. No other journal in this country, in its sev- 

 eral departments, attempts to cover a scope so wide as ours. 

 We entered a field three years ago which we found open 

 and unoccupied, and are not weary in our efforts. With 

 increased encouragement these efforts shall be redoubled. 

 The test of experience has enabled us to secure a corps of 

 most competent editors, whose chief incentive is the inter- 

 est they take in their work. 



May we not then bespeak a special remembrance from 



our friends to us in this Holiday Season? and while they 



are giving good gifts to others, let their gift to us be the 



simple and inexpensive one we ask, namely, an increase of 



our Subscription List. Let each of our patrons send in a 



new name. Is it asking too much ? 



.«.*.». — . 



— The Daily Graphic of Saturday last contains an illus- 

 trated article on Blooming Grove Park, Pa. There are 

 views of Lake Giles, Lake Laura, and the Club House, 

 which for a sportsman's club is the finest in this country, 

 and commands an extensive view of lake, forest and moun- 

 tain scenery. It was designed by John Avery, architect of 

 the club, and is most admirably adapted to the wants of 

 sportsmen and their families. It is a charming retreat 

 either in Summer or Winter. The attendance of members 

 the past season has been large. 



■-+ • + . — 



—We are informed that our friend R. Schmiedeberg, 

 Esq.. of Hoboken, N. J., is about to leave us for Leipsic, 

 Germany, to assume the duties of Field and Kennel Editor 

 of Ber Weidmann, a prominent sporting paper published 

 in that city by Fr Von Ivernois. Mr. Schmeideberg, as 

 President, has been a most active and efficient member of 

 the Hoboken Club, established for the protection of game, 

 and we regret to loose from among us, so useful and skill- 

 ful a sportsman, and genial gentleman. He will, however, 

 have our best wishes for his future welfare. 

 __-. — — . "» * ♦? — — - — 



—Eighty- eight passengers arrived on the steamer Mont- 

 gomery fram New York to Fernandina, Fla. 9 on the SQth. 



ON WHAT DO SALMON FEED? 



. p. 



OUR correspondent, E. J. Hooper, Esq., of San Fran- 

 cisco, recently made some observations bearing upon 

 this vexed question in the course of a recent expedition to 

 the north coast of California, the results of which he has 

 transmitted to our journal. In the course of conversation 

 there with those who had been in the habit yearly of cap- 

 turing them, it was remarked by one that he had never 

 found any food whatever in the stomach of the salmon 

 and he was therefore at a loss to understand upon what 

 they fed. He thought that they could not live upon fish 

 or shell fish, mussels, <fec, or he would have found some 

 remains of them in their intestines. Mr. Hooper also ex- 

 amined them and found nothing of any kind of food with- 

 in them. This led him to reflect upon the cause of their 

 stomachs being entirely empty of any substance whatever. 

 Like his companions in the discussion, he began to wonder 

 what they fed on, and where they went to feed . He at 

 once concluded that the digestion of the salmon must be 

 so extremely rapid as not to leave any traces of food to 

 be found in their stomach. On this subject, referring to 

 Bertram's work, the "Harvest of the Sea," we find him 

 stating that "hundreds of salmon were dissected in order 

 to ascertain what they fed upon ; but only on very rare oc- 

 casions could any thing of the nature of food be found." 

 What then do salmon live upon? was asked. It is quite 

 clear that salmon obtain in the sea some kind of food for 

 which they have a peculiar liking, and upon which they 

 rapidly grow fat; and it is very well know that after they 

 return to the fresh water they begin to lose their flesh and 

 fall off in condition. The rapid growth of the fish seems to 

 imply that its digestion must be rapid, and may, perhaps, 

 account for there never being food in its stomach when 

 found; although we are bound to mention that one gentle- 

 man who writes on the subject accounts for the emptiness 

 of the stomach by asserting "that the salmon vomits at the 

 moment of being taken." Does this gentleman mean by 

 this, that vomiting takes place when the fish is landed or 

 when it is at first hooked? We presume the former, of 

 course. "In the many salmon we took on our northern 

 trip," Mr. Hooper remarks, "I did not observe anything 

 of this kind when they were lifted into our boat." 



With all the advantages of the salmon's migration there 

 is yet a great deal to be ascertained as to their birth, breed- 

 ing and food, although of late years much has been dis- 

 covered. With regard to the food, guesses have been 

 made, and it is likely they approximate to the truth : these 

 conjectures are that fish and various Crustacea, with many 

 other sea animals constitute, at any rate, their chief sus- 

 tenance. To anglers especially, the very rapid growth of 

 the young salmon or grilse is very satisfactory. After 

 grilse reach four pounds and journey to sea and back 

 again, it has been ascertained by marking them that in two 

 months they grow into beautiful salmon, varying from 

 nine to fourteen pounds in weight. They never return a 

 grilse. There is also an instance quoted in the "Harvest 

 of the Sea," of a fish of ten pounds being marked by a re- 

 sponsible party, which was caught at a place forty mile* 

 distant from the sea, traveled to the salt water, fed, and 

 returned in the short space of thirty-seven days. When it 

 again arrived it was found to weigh twenty-one pounds 

 and a quarter. Thus may we fishermen rejoice in the fact 

 that all that our fish commissioners and other patriotic 

 gentlemen do, in planting so many thousands of salmon 

 and their congeners in our rivers, lakes, and streams, will 

 provide much sport and benefit that in a short time will 

 be realized therefrom, thanks to them all. 



Among the Nutmegs. — We took a run to Meriden, Con- 

 necticut, one day last week, and found that Forest and 

 Stream was an open sesame to the hearts of the many 

 sportsmen of the place. Our good friend Jacob Glahn, 

 President of the Central Sportsmen's Club, took us in 

 charge and made our short visit most pleasant. To be sure 

 they have a local option law in Meriden, but "Shank" is 

 no bad substitute for lager, or "Tonic" for old rye. And 

 then they must be harmless, as the Chief of Police drinks 

 them occasionally. Bloxham*s picture gallery is alone 

 worth a visit, to say nothing of meeting that genial and 

 well-known rifleman, Major Bixby. Through the courtesy 

 of Mr. Wilcox, President of the Meriden Brittania Com- 

 pany, we saw all that was interesting in that extensive es- 

 tablishment, not the least so to us being the sketch pre- 

 pared by Mr. Hirschfield, of the Forest and Stream Cup 

 for the Chicago Bench Show. We have yet to see anything 

 of this nature which can equal the beauty of the design, \ 

 and we are greatly indebted to the Meriden Company for 

 having gone to an expense for models, ete ., which exceeds 

 fourfold the advertised value of the cup. We must not ,; 

 omit to mention a call on Messrs. Sanford & Lohman, the 

 eminent engravers, to whom our readers are indebted for 

 the capital portrait of Whisky. Messrs. S. & L. have now 

 in hand portraits of Mr. Salter's Dash and Bess, and Mr. 

 Jarvis' Dick, for this paper. By the kind permission of 

 Parker Bros, we were allowed to go over their extensive 

 works, where guns were being turned out in numbers which 

 bespeak a lively demand for their excellent specimen of \ 

 American manufacture! Our friends in Meriden will ac* v 

 cept our best thanks for their kind attentions. 



"Camp Life in Florida. "—The editorial notices of this 



book received since its publication are very flattering. The \ 



sale of the work is larger than expected, the binder ^ being % 



now at work upon the Third Thousand . No one going to ^\ 



Floridashould be without a copy. 850 pp., 12mo. Price k 



