74 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



is while you are gathering your churning. Keep it together for 

 at least twelve or twenty-four hours previous to churning, so 

 that the whole mass shall be equally ripened; otherwise your 

 grains will be uneven in size. 



Mrs. Mayo: Provided we wanted to churn and had our 

 cream already with the exception of the last skimming, would it 

 be wise to put that last skimming in with the rest that has been 

 repeatedly stirred for, say, three days.'' 



Mr. Pethebridge: No, not if you are going to put 'it right 

 into the churn. If you are going to keep it twelve hours or so 

 longer, it is all right. 



Mr. Spicer: Is not washing the butter in water that is too 

 cold one of the causes of mottled butter.? I think it is. 



Mr. Pethebridge: I think streaks come in the butter more 

 from the way it is handled after it is churned. Butter properly 

 salted and worked ought not to have streaks. 



Mr. Monrad: Do you like the churns that will bring butter 

 in ten minutes.-' 



Mr. Pethebridge: That is rather a leading question, but 

 still I do know some churns that will bring butter in eight or ten 

 minutes that have made some of the finest butter that has ever 

 been turned out, but they want to be in the hands of experi- 

 enced people. You could put this churn that we are using into 

 anybody's hands and with ordinary care they can handle it, but 

 with these churns you ask about, the chances are they will 

 simply make a mess of it. 



A Member: A smaller churn, holding, say, 200 gallons 

 of cream, will churn more quickly than a 500 gallon churn. 



Mr. Pethebridge: You have got to judge about those things. 

 There is no use putting two or three gallons of cream in a 

 great big churn; it will stick to the sides and you can't get any 

 good of it; you have got to have sufficient in the churn to get the 

 friction, but, in any churn if you put in too much the chances 

 are that your butter will take a very long time to come and 

 your buttermilk will be very rich when you get through. You 

 must use judgment about it. 



