60 ILLINOIS DAIRYMEN S ASSOCIATION. 



direct consumption at St. Louis. The large percentage of their 

 milk is pasteurized and sent out through different companies, the 

 rest being sent out by individuals sending it to dealers in St. 

 Louis. Another direction, and a very important one in which 

 the milk is used up is at the condensaries. The condensing 

 interests of Illinois, as all know who have been there or were 

 there last year at the fair, are very important, especially the Hel- 

 vetia Milk Co. They can an immense amount of milk and they 

 have pretty good control over their patrons, and the patrons are 

 thoroughly interested in milk production. The last, and least 

 important, is the milk which goes to creameries and cheese fac- 

 tories, which do not flourish very extensively in southern Illinois. 

 The creameries did flourish much more abundantly than they do 

 at the present time some years ago, but since the condensaries 

 have come in they have caused a falling off, and the more ready 

 means of communication with the cities also takes the milk away : 

 but in places where milk is not readily used by the condensaries 

 or shipped to the city, the butter factories have a chance to flour- 

 ish. 



Prof. Smith : — Are they putting in stalls to keep cows 

 clean. 



Mr. Hayden : — In a few instances they are putting in ordi- 

 nary stave stanchions. So far they have not come to a stage of 

 giving much consideration to the more advanced forms. 



The President : — You feel encouraged over the result of the 

 work in Southern Illinois during the past year? 



Mr. Hopper: — Yes, I feel that although there has been very 

 little done so far, the indications are that a great deal more can 

 be accomplished in a short time. A few illustrations might show 

 something of the interest the people are taking. I was over at 

 an institute meeting at one of the towns near where I was testing 

 herds. I had never made any effort to advertise the work, but 

 the people had heard of it and several men with whom I was 

 talking seemed to think it was my duty to test every cow in Illi- 

 nois. I explained to them the situation. One of them was 

 located near the herd I was testing and I told him to work in 



