30(5 ILLINOIS DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION. 



2 pieces 1x6 in. by 10 ft., for front of feed-box. 



5 pieceslxG in. by 16 ft., cypress or full-thickness pine, for top and 

 bottom rails. 



5 pieces 1x4 in. by 12 ft., full thickness, for fixed uprights. 



2 pieces 1x4 in. by 16 ft., % in. thick, for swinging uprights. 

 10 pieces 3x6 in. by 1 ft., for tongues or locks. 



3 posts 6 ft. in length. 



3 blocks 6x12 in. under feed-box. 



The six-inch upright in the picture is replaced in the above 

 calculation by a four-inch piece, which will answer just as well. 



The stanchions are two feet wide between the partitions and 

 three and one-half feet high. The board along the front of the 

 feed-boxes is hinged, so it may be turned down and the boxes 

 thoroughly cleaned out. At the end of the stanchion is a rack for 

 hay, as shown in figure 8. With these stanchions a feeder can 

 keep four pails going and can feed a bunch of calves in a very 

 short time. One of the feeders at this station timed himself 

 with twenty calves, and found that he could weigh the milk for 

 the calves in ten minutes, thus making one-half minute for each 

 calf. 



Scours cr Diarrhea. 



Undoubtedly the greatest difficulty that the calf-feeder has 

 to contend with is scours. Here, as elsewhere, " an ounce of 

 prevention is worth a pound of cure." The principal causes of 

 this difficulty are overfeeding, sour milk, feeding cold milk, feed- 

 ing grain with the milk, using dirty milk-pails, very cold water, 

 too much water after periods of thirst, and irregularity in feed- 

 ing. The careful feeder will watch very carefully the effect of 

 his feed upon his calves, and as soon as there are any signs of 

 scours the milk should be reduced one-half or more and grad- 

 ually increased again as the calf is able to stand it. 



The Kansas station has been very successful in using dried 

 blood as a tonic for weak or scouring calves. A mild case of 

 scours can usually be cured in from one to two clays by reducing 



