THIRTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL CONVENTION. 71 



branches from the large arteries are carrying the blood into the 

 parts of the udder. 



These are the five points and if you are milking a cow, any 

 one of which are absent, you are not milking a cow, but only a 

 part of a cow. For instance, supposing a cow is capable of eating 

 a large amount of feed, but lacks constitution, she will not remain 

 healthy and perhaps in a short time she will die. Granting her 

 constitution without the proper nervous temperament or disposi- 

 tion to work she will consume just enough food to take care of 

 herself. And if she lacks capacity, she can not eat enough feed 

 to make a profit regardless of her disposition to do so. Given 

 constitution, capacity and disposition to work, if her blood flows 

 in the wrong direction, she will make beef instead of milk and 

 then it will be necessary to kill her to get the cost of the feed back. 

 And further than this, if the blood carries the nutrients into the 

 udder, which has not the ability of extracting and manufacturing 

 the nutrients into butter fat, still there is a loss. All of these 

 points fit together in dovetail fashion and must be given due con- 

 sideration in selecting cows for profit. 



There are other points, such as width across the hips, breed, 

 type and characteristics, but time does not permit reference to 

 more than those points which are necessary for profitable milk 

 and butter fat production. 



But after all, when we have taken into consideration these 

 points, we do not know much about the cow. There is no one 

 in the audience who can look at this cow and tell within 1,000, 

 2,000 or 3,000 pounds how much milk she gave last year. If you 

 could not see that she was a Holstein you could not tell within 

 one or two per cent of how much her milk tested, were you to see 

 a sample of it. The only way to determine the true measure of 

 the cow is to use a scale each time the cow is milked and test her 

 milk one or two days out of each month. It does not take long 

 to do this and it is the only method of determining accurately 

 the real merits of the cow from the dairyman's standpoint, and 

 it is well worth while. Study the history of every great cow and 

 you will find that at some time in her life she or some of her off- 



