72 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION 



In making a mineral mixture containing bone, you must 

 cover it with something and kill the odor of bone. You can 

 introduce it gradually into your regular grain ration. It 

 takes some pungent, oily, high-flavored meal to kill the 

 odor of bone. The whole mixture should be made palatable 

 by mixing it with your grain. It is quite a problem to mix 

 this up. I would say you would do best not to include iodine 

 at first. 



I have gone over this thing hurriedly just to bring out 

 one chief point: on one side is the mineral supply; on the 

 other side is the environment necessary to maintain the ani- 

 mal. Combine them together and you will arrive at a suc- 

 cessful destination. 



I simply give this to you on the problem of mineral 

 feeding: don't confine your cattle, chickens or any of your 

 sterile animals. Give them twenty or thirty minutes of sun- 

 light every day, so that they can digest minerals. 



Maybe from seven to ten pounds of minerals will last 

 a cow a month. Keep minerals before them on pastures 

 and also keep salt at various places where it will be easily 

 accessible, because ordinary salt must always be kept as a 

 source of chloride. That must, of course, be kept all the 

 time and is one of the essential ingredients in a mineral. It 

 is a relatively small used product and, as I have observed, 

 one of the greatest shields you can possibly find for the pro- 

 tection of all classes of animals. 



But remember, also, to give your children a chance. 

 Don't feed them oleo. 



I thank you very much for your splendid attention. 

 (Applause). 



Mr. Foss : I would like to ask Mr. Caldwell a question 

 with reference to limestone as a ration. You made a state- 

 ment that ground limestone is best to use. Is there any ob- 

 jection to feeding limestone coarser than what you spoke 

 of? Would the cow have any difficulty in digesting this 

 coarser limestone? 



Mr. Caldwell: No, I think there would be no objec- 

 tion. It is simply increasing the quantity necessary to use. 



