168 ILLINOIS STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION 



"FEEDS AND FEEDING" 



From Henry & Morrison's 18th Edition. (Considered the 

 highest authority in the live stock feeding world). 



Air — It is commonly assumed that a ventilation system 

 should be so designed that the carbon dioxide content of the 

 stable air will not often rise above about 0.167% by volume. 

 To maintain this degree of purity there must pass into the 

 stable every 24 hours the following amounts of outside air 

 for each head of stock. For well-fed cows, 82,843 cu. ft.; 

 for horses, 55,379 cu. ft.; for swine, 18,410 cu. ft.; and for 

 sheep, 7,976 cu. ft. 



Water — Often the production of good cows is lessened 

 merely because they cannot conveniently get plenty of 

 fresh, pure water. There is no greater folly than this, for 

 feed and labor is expensive, while water is abundant and 

 cheap. Of all the farm animals, dairy cows require the 

 largest amounts of water, due to the fact that it forms 87% 

 of the milk they yield. The amount of water they will 

 drink depends on the yield of milk, and also on the amount 

 of water a head daily, and high producing cows even more, 

 milk require on the average about 100 lbs., or 12.5 gallons 

 of water a head daily, nad high producing cows even more. 

 Eckles found that cows in milk drank four times as much 

 water as when they were dry and farrow. 



When cows are fed succulent feeds, they will naturally 

 need less water to drink than when they receive dry feeds 

 exclusively. In trials covering three years Collier found at 

 the New York (Geneva Station) that cows on the average 

 consumed in feed and drink 468 lbs. of water for each 100 

 lbs. of milk they yielded. Of this, about one-third was in 

 their feed and the rest in the water they drank. At the 

 Iowa Station McCandlish and Gaessler found that cows fed 

 soiling crops and grain in summer consumed about 350 

 lbs. of water in their feed for each 100 lbs. of milk pro- 

 duced, and in addition drank 200 lbs. making a total of 

 about 550 lbs. water per 100 lbs. of milk. Cows drink more 



